concilium

concilium , iī, n.: a body called together; assembly, council, 2.89; throng, company, 3.679. (com- and root cal-, call)

concĭlĭum, ii, n. [con- and root cal- of calo; Gr. καλέω; cf. clamo], a collection of people, an association, gathering, union, meeting, assembly, = coetus (class.).

• I In gen.: videre ambas in uno concilio, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 96 (251); id. Cist. 4, 2, 33 (703): Camenarum cum Egeria, Liv. 1, 21, 3: ab sede piorum, coetu concilioque abigi, id. 2, 38, 4: pastorum, Cic. Off. 3, 9, 38: deorum, id. Tusc. 1, 30, 72; id. Div. 1, 24, 49; cf. caelestium, id. Off. 3, 5, 25: divinum animorum, id. Sen. 23, 84: concilia coetusque hominum jure sociati, quae civitates appellantur, id. Rep. 6, 13, 13: (Cyclopum) Concilium horrendum, Verg. A. 3, 679: amoena piorum Concilia, id. ib. 5, 735: Musarum, Stat. Th. 6, 355: mulierum, id. ib. 3, 178.—Poet. of animals: inque ferarum Concilio medius sedebat, Ov. M. 10, 144; and trop.: tamquam meretricem in matronarum coetum, sic voluptatem in virtutum concilium adducere, Cic. Fin. 2, 4, 12.—
• II Esp.
• • A An assembly for consultation, a council (in concreto; on the contrary consilium signifies the counsel in abstracto that is taken in such an assembly. The meanings, however, often pass over to each other; hence in MSS. and edd. a freq. confusion of the two words; cf. consilium), Caes. B. G. 1, 30 fin.; cf. id. ib. 7, 1: (opiniones), quae in senatu, quae apud populum, quae in omni coetu concilioque proferendae sunt, Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 77: inire, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 33 (493): habere, id. Mil. 3, 1, 3 (598): convocare, Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 10; 3, 3: vocare, Verg. A. 10, 2: cogere, id. ib. 11, 304: dimittere, Caes. B. G. 1, 18; 1, 33 al.; Cic. Leg. 2, 12, 31 al.: transferre Lutetiam, Caes. B. G. 6, 3: in posterum diem differre, Curt. 6, 11, 9: dare legatis, Liv. 43, 17, 7: indicere, id. 1, 50, 4: constituere diem concilio, Caes. B. G. 1, 30: Messene ab Achaeis, quod concilii eorum recusaret esse, oppugnari coepta est, i.e. a member of the Achaian league, Liv. 36, 31, 1: concilio excesserunt, id. 32, 22, 12: sanctum Patrum, * Hor. C. 4, 5, 4 et saep.—
  • B A close conjunction, i.e. union, connection (esp. freq. in Lucr.): coetu concilioque Nil facient (primordia rerum), etc., Lucr. 2, 920: materiaï concilium, id. 1, 518: in concilium coire, id. 2, 564 sq.; cf. id. 1, 772; 1, 1081; 2, 565.—Transf., a bond of union, tie: hoc mihi tecum concilium manebit, Ov. M. 1, 710.—
  • • 2 A sexual union, coition: corporalia, Arn. 2, 54; cf.: primordia quae genitali Concilio possent arceri, Lucr. 1, 183. —
    • • • β (As an incentive to this.) The blossom of the plant iasione, Plin. 22, 22, 39, § 82.

concilium, ī, n. (viell. *con-calion v. calāre, rufen), I) die Vereinigung, Verbindung, 1) im allg.: c. rerum, Lucr.: genitali concilio arcere, am Zeugungsakt hindern, Lucr.: hoc mihi tecum concilium manebit, so will ich vereint mit dir bleiben, Ov. met. 1, 710. – 2) insbes., die fleischliche Vereinigung, Begattung, concilia corporalia, Arnob. 2, 16. – dah. meton., die den Begattungstrieb erregende Pflanze iasine, Plin. 22, 82. – II) das bewirkte Zusammenkommen, die Zusammenkunft, das Stelldichein (Rendezvous) zweier od. mehrerer, 1) eig.: videre ambas si in uno miles concilio volet, sie beide an einem Orte zusammensehen will, Plaut.: hic c. fuit, hier standen zwei zusammen, Plaut.: quod earum (Camenarum) ibi concilia cum coniuge sua Egeria essent, Liv. – 2) meton., die Zusammenkunft = die Versammlung, a) übh. die Versammlung = der Verein, Kreis, die versammelte Schar, in concilium pastorum se recipere, Cic.: mortalium concilium adire, Curt.: (im Bilde) tamquam meretricem in matronarum coetum, sic voluptatem in virtutum concilium adducere, Cic.: bes. v. Versammlungen der Götter usw., seclusum a concilio deorum, Cic.: collocare alqm in concilio caelestium, Cic.: modo ex deorum concilio descendisse, Cic.: abigi ab sede piorum coetu concilioque, Liv.: in illud divinum animorum concilium coetumque proficisci, Cic.: alqm deorum concilio adicere, Val. Max. – b) insbes., die zu einem gemeinschaftlichen Zwecke u. unter Leitung eines Vorsitzenden abgehaltene Versammlung, bes. die der Vornehmen, Edlen, Vertreter eines Volks, Landtag, Bundestag, der versammelte Bund, od. die eines ganzen Volks, Volksversammlung, α) außer Rom, c. amicorum, Nep.: Gallorum, Liv.: Achaeorum, Arcadum, Liv.: commune Belgarum, Caes.: c. totius Graeciae (bei den isthmischen Spielen), Curt.: c. Achaicum, der ach. Bund (griech. συμπολιτεία τῶν Ἀχαιῶν), Liv.: antiquum gentis c., v. dems., Liv.: concilii eorum (ein Mitglied ihres [des achäischen] Bundes) esse recusare, Liv.: constituere diem concilio, Caes.: indicere concilium, Liv.: c. totius Galliae indicere in diem certam, Caes.: indicere c. Elin (nach E.), Liv.: indicere c. Aetolis Heracleam (nach H.), Liv.: belli pacisque causā c. indici vetare, Liv.: cogere c., Caes. u. Verg.: cogere c. Hypatam (nach H.), Liv.: convocare c., Caes.: c. Latinorum advocare, Liv.: habere extemplo c., Liv.: habere c. amicorum, Nep.: habere c. plebis (zu Athen), Curt.: ibi (in theatro) c. populi (zu Athen) habere, Nep.: colonos passim concilia facere, Liv.: concilia secreta agere, Liv.: differre concilium in posterum diem, Curt.: c. negare (verweigern), Liv.: c. transferre Lutetiam Parisiorum, Caes.: c. dimittere, Caes.: Boeoticum c. discutere, Liv. – vocare od. advocare alqm in concilium deorum (unter Jupiters Vorsitz), Cic.: alqm adhibere ad concilium, Caes.: adire concilium gentis, Liv.: adhiberi in concilia publica, Liv.: ex concilio abire, Liv.: excedere concilio, Liv.: consurgere ac relinquere concilium, Liv.: dare od. praebere concilium legatis, für die G. eine Vers. (einen Landtag) abhalten (um ihnen Audienz zu geben; auch m. Ang. wo? zB. Aegi, zu Ägium), Liv. – β) in Rom, c. sanctum patrum, Hor.: nullum futurum fuisse Romae nisi publicum concilium, Liv.: concilia privata principum cogere, Liv.: vocare in concilium multitudinem, Liv. – bes. von den Zenturiat- od. Tributkomitien (mit dem Zusatz plebis immer v. den Tributkomitien, mit dem Zusatz populi gew. v. den Kuriatkomitien, selten von den Tributkomitien), zB. concilium advocare legemque ferre, Cic.: plebi concilium edicere (v. den Volkstribunen), Liv.: concilium plebis habere, dimittere, Liv.: permixtum senatui esse populi concilium, Liv.: patres ex concilio (aus den Tributkom.) submovere, Liv. – ➳ Synk. Genet. concili, Corp. inscr. Lat. 4, 2465.

1 concilium [CL; not usu. dist., exc. perh. in earliest and latest sources, fromconsilium] 1 council, assembly. concilium glomerant cum trino teste nefandum Aldh. VirgV 923; sine spiritu consilii habito ~io Lib. Eli. III 52; ~ium dicitur a ‘con’ et ‘cilium’; ‘cilere’ enim idem est quod ‘convenire’. dicitur itaque ~ium, quia in eo homines congregantur et conveniunt, sicut cilia oculorum claudendo conveniunt. vel dicitur ~ium a ‘conscio’, quia in eo plures consciuntur et convocantur ‥ vel dicitur ~ium quasi ‘concidium’ ‥, eo quod in unum dirigit omnem mentis intuitum. ‥ sed ‘consilium’, prout sumitur pro deliberacione sive responsione viri prudentis et consulti, ‥ sic debet scribi per S; nam in casu hoc descendit a ‘consulo’ Lyndw. 18D. 2 council or synod of eccl. dignitaries: a papal or general; b provincial or regional. a s680 in ~io quod [papa] congregarat episcoporum Bede HE V 19 p. 328; 738 hic exspectantes sacerdotum ~ium vel synodus [sic] consultum, adhuc ignoramus quando hoc fieri faciat apostolicus pontifex Bonif. Ep. 41; s1175 solius pape est ~ium generate; Romane ecclesie et Constantinopolitane est ~ium universale Diceto YH 1 399 (marginal n.); s1245 fert de concilio generali sic mihi Clio Garl. Tri. Eccl. 124; s1245 anno jubileo, vel infra tempus contentum infra annos l, semel celebrari habet generale ~ium, in quo omnia habent reformari et in bono statu solidari M. Par. Maj. IV 430; c1295 post Consilium [sc. Lugdunense] Reg. Cant. II 1294; papa, si efficiatur hereticus, sentencie generalis ~ii est subjectus; sed per generale ~ium sub Innocencio III celebratum omnes heretici ‥ sunt excommunicati et damnati Ockham Pol. I 297; canon dicitur id quod statuitur in universali ~io Lyndw. 272n; 1432 per regnum ‥ Anglie versus consilium generale ad presens apud Basil’ existens ‥ transeundo RScot 280b; 1457 quod non est de necessitate salutis credere et tenere quod illud quod consilium generale et universalis ecclesia statuit, approbat seu determinat in favorem fidei et ad salutem animarum sit ab universis Christi fidelibus approbandum et tenendum (Conf. R. Pecok) Reg. Whet. I 286.  b s664 Cedd ‥ qui et interpres in eo ~io [Whitby] ‥ utriusque partis extitit Bede HE III 25; 798 convocans universos provinciales episcopos nostros, duces et abbates et cujuscunque dignitatis viros ad synodale ~ium in locum qui nominatur Clovesho Conc. HS 512; 1102 sententias capitulorum ~ii [London’] expositas nolo vobis aut alicui ad praesens mittere, quia, quando in ipso ~io expositae sunt, non potuerunt ad plenum et perfecte recitari, propterea quia subito sine praemeditatione ac competenti tractatione ‥ sunt prolatae Anselm (Ep. 257) IV 169; 1115 vos preter conscientiam nostram ~ia synodalia celebratis (Lit. Papae) Eadmer HN 279; s1175 habitum est ~ium regionale Lundoniis apud Westmustier ‥ presidente R. Cantuariensi archiepiscopo Diceto YH 399; s1205 quum locum ‥ nec in generali ~io nec provinciali possit obtinere Chr. Evesham 165; 1222 incipiunt constitutiones edite in consilio Oxoniensi: autoritate ‥ presentis ~ii excommunicamus ‥ Conc. Syn. 106; s1222 celebratum est ~ium provinciale apud Oxoniam a domino S. Cant’ archiepiscopo cum episcopis suffraganeis et abbatibus in conventuali ecclesia de Oseneya W. Coventr. II 251 (cf. Coggesh. 190: S. Cant’ archiepiscopus tenuit consilium suum apud Oxoniam); s1311 factum fuit ~ium provinciale Londoniis contra Templarios Ad. Mur. 14; 1326 secundum statutum ~ii Scoticani Dryburgh 247; 1390 conservator consilii Scoticani Conc. Scot. II 3; 1420 consilium generale cleri regni Scocie Ib. II 77 (cf. (v. conservator 2d)); 1476 in provincialibus et synodalibus ~iis MunAcOx I 350. 3 king’s advisory council (sts. hardly possible to dist. from 2b supra; v. et. consilium 4). c800 ut [terrae] ab omnium ‥ popularium ~iorum vindictis ‥ liberae sint CS 201d.; 811 placuit pio regi Coenwulfo cum consilio et consensu totius ~ii illius, id est episcoporum, principum, ducum judicumve majorumque natu Ib. 335; sapientes [AS: witan] omnes dederunt vadium suum ‥ quando A. ‥ et B. ‥ venerunt ad ~ium [AS: pam gemote] ex verbo regis (Quad.) GAS 181; 1109 hec donatio facta est ‥ in ~io totius Anglie apud Notingaham CalCh V 454; 1136 in communi ~io Regesta III 36; s1154 [rex] congregavit generale ~ium apud Lundoniam et renovavit pacem et leges et consuetudines per Angliam ab antiquis temporibus constitutas Chr. Battle 72; 1155 apud Wintoniam in ~io Act. Hen. II I 103; ne ‥ cogaris in centuria, aut foro presidis vel proconsulis, aut fortasse in ~io, lese majestatis reddere rationem J. Sal. Pol. 396c; s1423 H. Glocestrensis dux ‥ convocato principum ~io exponit que H. rex ejus frater moriens mandasset P. Verg. XXIII p. 587.

2 concilium v. consilium

concĭlĭum, (9) ĭī, n. (cum, calare), ¶ 1 union, réunion, assemblage [des atomes] : Lucr. 1, 484 ; 1, 1082, etc. || accouplement : Arn. 2, 16 ¶ 2 réunion, assemblée : deorum Cic. Tusc. 1, 72 ; pastorum Cic. Off. 3, 38, assemblée des dieux, des bergers ; voluptatem in virtutum concilium adducere Cic. Fin. 2, 12, introduire la volupté dans le cercle des vertus || [en part.] assemblée délibérante, conseil : concilium advocare Cic. Vat. 15 ; convocare Cic. Vat. 18, convoquer une assemblée( Cæs. G. 7, 29, 1, un conseil de guerre chez les Gaulois); concilio coacto Cæs. G. 7, 77, 1, lʼassemblée ayant été réunie ; concilio habito Cæs. G. 4, 19, 2, ayant tenu un conseil ; dare concilium legatis Liv. 43, 17, 7 ( præbere 42, 44, 7 ) donner audience aux députés ; adire concilium Liv. 10, 12, 3, se. rendre dans une assemblée || [l. officielle] concilium plebis = comices tributes ; concilium populi = comices curiates ou centuriates.

➳ confusion fréquente dans les mss avec consilium.

concilium , ii. n.
聚之物。會議。枯梗花。

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concilium ī, n

• com- + 1 CAL-, a meeting, rendezvous: Camenarum cum Egeriā, L.—A collection of people, meeting, assembly: pastorum: divinum animorum: amoena piorum, V.: ferarum, O.—An assembly for consultation, council: silvestria, Cs.: concilium advocare: cogere, V.: dimittere, Cs.: indicere, L.: venit concilio de me agendi dies: sanctum Patrum, H.—Fig., a bond of union, tie: mihi tecum, O.

CONCILIUM

CONCIL´IUMan assembly in general, sometimes used in a loose way to designate the comitia of the centuries (Liv. 2.28), or any contio (Liv. 2.7, 28, 5.43-Z2; Gell. 18.7; comp. Becker, Handb. der Röm. Alterth. vol. ii. part 1. p. 359, note 693). For the concilium plebis, see COMITIAp. 510. The word also denotes the assemblies or meetings of confederate towns or nations, at which either their deputies alone, or any of the citizens who had time and inclination, met, and thus formed a representative assembly. (Liv. 1.50.) We find frequent traces of this, not only among the Italian nations, e. g. the Aequi (Liv. 3.2), Samnites (4.25; x 12), Etruscans (4.23, 25, 61; 5.17; 6.2), Hernicans (9.42), and Latins (6.33; 7.25; 8.3); but also in the Greek states (τὸ κοινόν), e. g. the Achaeans (Liv. 36.31), Aetolians (31.29, 38.34), Boeotians (42.43), Macedonians (45.18; cp. Gell. 2.6). As the Romans conquered the neighbouring states of Italy, it was a regular part of their policy to break up the union of the vanquished tribes by forbidding the existence of such concilia (Liv. 8.14, 10, ceteris Latinis populis connubia commercia que et concilia inter se ademerunt: cf. 9.43, 24). After the defeat of Perseus, four concilia were established for Macedonia (Liv. 45.29). But Augustus not merely allowed the concilia to continue where they had previously been held, but instituted them also in other provinces, and this representative character was recognised. In theory, they were associations formed for the worship of the imperial house. The president was the ἀρχιερεὺς or sacerdos provinciae, an official elected annually by the deputies (legati) from the most important towns. This dignitary was usually one of the most eminent and wealthy of the provincials, and had the immediate direction of the finances of the temple and its festivals; at a later time he had a certain power of control over all the priests of the province. After the concilium had taken part in the religious festival, it met again for the conduct of business. Its first duty was to pass the accounts of the expenditure connected with the provincial temple to Augustus, and to provide for the maintenance of the worship for the coming year; but then it was entitled to criticise the conduct of the governor, and either vote thanks to him, or lay a complaint before the emperor (cf. Inscription of Torigny edited by Mommsen), which was frequently followed by his accusation (Plin. Ep. 7.6). In this manner some control was exercised over the governor, and there was some approach to the creation of a representative body. As the worship of the emperors fell out of use with the growth of Christianity, the concilium provinciae replaced by degrees the old conventus (cf. Willems, Dict. Romaine, p. 594), and became a representative assembly for each diocese. (Cf. Marquardt, Röm, Staatsverw. i.2 503-516, and his important essay in the Ephem. Epigr. 1872, pp. 200-214; Mommsen, Provinces of the Roman Empire, 1.35, 94, 300; 2.238, &c.)

[L.S] [A.S.W]

Concilium

An assembly in general, sometimes used in a loose way to designate the comitia of the centuries (Liv.ii. 28), or any contio. For the concilium plebis, see comitia. The word also denotes the assemblies or meetings of confederate towns or nations, at which either their deputies alone, or any of the citizens who had time and inclination, met, and thus formed a representative assembly (Liv.i. 50). We find frequent traces of this, not only among the Italian nations, but also in the Greek States (τὸ κοινόν). (See Achaean League.) As the Romans conquered the neighbouring States of Italy, it was a regular part of their policy to break up the union of the vanquished tribes by forbidding the existence of such concilia (Liv.viii. 14, 10). But Augustus not merely allowed the concilia to continue where they had previously been held, but instituted them also in other provinces; and this representative character was recognized. In theory, they were associations fermed for the worship of the imperial house. The president was the ἀρχιερεύς, or sacerdos provinciae, an official elected annually by the deputies (legati) from the most important towns. This dignitary was usually one of the most eminent and wealthy of the provincials, and had the immediate direction of the finances of the temple and its festivals; at a later time he had a certain power of control over all the priests of the province. After the concilium had taken part in the religious festival, it met again for the conduct of business. Its first duty was to pass the accounts of the expenditure connected with the provincial temple to Augustus, and to provide for the maintenance of the worship for the coming year; but then it was entitled to criticise the conduct of the governor, and either vote thanks to him or lay a complaint before the emperor (cf. the Inscription of Torigny, edited by Mommsen), which was frequently followed by his accusation ( Epist. vii. 6). In this manner some control was exercised over the governor, and there was some approach to the creation of a representative body. See Marquardt, Röm. Staatsverw. i. 503-516, and his important essay in the Ephem. Epigr. (1872), pp. 200-214.