humanus

hūmānus (old form: HEMONA humana et HEMONEM hominem dicebant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 100 Müll.; cf. homo init.), a, um, adj. [homo], of or belonging to man, human.

• I In gen.: esse aliquem humana specie et figura, qui tantum immanitate bestias vicerit, ut, etc., Cic. Rosc. Am. 22, 63: simulacra, id. Rep. 3, 9: caput, a human head, Hor. A. P. 1; Flor. 1, 7, 8: succidiae, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 24, 12: Cyclopis venter ... Carnibus humanis distentus, human flesh, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 870 P. (Ann. v. 327 Vahl,): humana qui dape pavit equas, Ov. H. 9, 68: Athenas obsidione et fame ad humanos cibos compulit, Flor. 3, 5, 10: hostiae, human sacrifices, Cic. Font. 10 21; Tac. G. 9; Plin. 8, 22, 34, § 82; Flor. 1, 16, 7: lac, human milk, Plin. 28, 9, 33, § 123: nec distare humana carne suillam, Juv. 14, 98: carnibus humanis vesci, id. 15, 13: societas generis humani, of the human race, Cic. Lael. 5, 20; cf.: eos (deos) non curare opinor quid agat humanum genus, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 50, 104 (Trag. v. 354 Vahl.); v. genus: ubi remissa humana vita corpus requiescat malis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 416 ib.); cf.: humanae vitae varia reputantes mala, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 115; and Cic. Rep. 6, 18; in the comp.: ergo hercules vita humanior sine sale non quit degere, Plin. 31, 7, 41, § 88: omnium divinarum humanarumque rerum, Cic. Lael. 6, 20; v. divinus: amor, id. ib. 21, 81: natura, id. Rep. 1, 14: virtus, id. ib. 1, 7 fin.: casus, id. Lael. 2, 7: cultus, id. de Or. 1, 8, 33: humanissima voluptas, id. Ac. 2 (Luc.), 41, 127: ignes, i.e. which men daily use, Plin. 2, 107, 111, § 239: dapes, i.e. human excrements, id. 17, 9, 6, § 51: memoria, Tac. A. 11, 14: ultra modum humanum, id. ib. 11, 21: humanum facinus factumst, customary, Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 8 (216): nec quisquam dixerit, in eo qui obdormivit, rem eum humanam et naturalem passum, Mos. et Rom. Coll. 12, 7, 7: major imago humana, of superhuman size, Juv. 13, 222: humanum sacrificium dicebant, quod mortui causa fiebat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 103 Müll.: scelus, committed against men, Liv. 3, 19 fin.; 29, 18 fin.: si quid mihi humanum contigerit, if any thing should happen to me, i.e. if I should die, Dig. 16, 3, 26 (for which, humanitus, q. v.): persuasit nox, amor, vinum, adulescentia: Humanum'st, Ter. Ad. 471: metum virgarum navarchus pretio redemit: humanum est; alius, ne condemnaretur, pecuniam dedit: usitatum est, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 117; cf. Ter. Hec. 553; id. Ad. 471: humano quodam modo, Quint. 10, 3, 15: res humani juris, property (opp. res divini juris, things sacred or religious), Gai. Inst. 2, 2; 9 sqq.; 3, 97: ne vinum ... esse sacrum incipiat et ex usibus eripiatur humanis, Arn. adv. Gent. 7, 31.— As substt.
• • A hūmāni, ōrum, m., men, mortals, Lucr. 3, 80; 837: natura humanis omnia sunt paria, Varr. ap. Non. 81, 10.—
  • B hūmānum, i, n., that which is human, mortal, etc.: ignem magnum hic faciam. Dae. Quine ut humanum exuras tibi? Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 62 (767): non hercle humanust ergo: nam volturio plus humani credost, id. Mil. 4, 2, 53 (1043): si quicquam in vobis non dico civilis sed humani esset, Liv. 5, 4, 9: pulcher et humano major trabeaque decorus Romulus, Ov. F. 2, 503 (but in Cic. Att. 13, 21, 5, homo is the true reading): homo sum: humani nihil a me alienum puto, Ter. Heaut. 77: Satyris praeter effigiem nihil humani, Mel. 1, 8, 10; si in Pompeio quid humani evenisset, Sall. H. Fragm. 5, 16 Dietsch.—
  • C Plur.: hūmā-na, ōrum, n., human affairs, the concerns of men, events of life: qui omnia humana, quaecumque accidere possunt, tolerabilia ducat, Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 17; cf.: despicientem omnia humana, id. Rep. 1, 17; and: haec caelestia semper spectato, illa humana contemnito, id. ib. 6, 19: si quicquam humanorum certi est, Liv. 5, 33, 1: deos esse et non neglegere humana, id. 3, 56, 7.—Comp. (very rare): respiratio humanior, i.e. freer, Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 1, 2.
• II In partic.
• • A Humane, philanthropic, kind, gentle, obliging, polite (syn.: comis, urbanus): te esse humano ingenio existumo, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 127 (816): Cyrum minorem Persarum regem et ceteris in rebus communem erga Lysandrum atque humanum fuisse, Cic. de Sen. 17, 59; cf.: homo facillimus atque humanissimus, id. Att. 16, 16, C, 12: humani ingeni Mansuetique animi officia, Ter. And. 113; cf.: quod ipse moderatissimi atque humanissimi fuit sensus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24, 5: Catonis (praeceptum) humanissimum utilissimumque, Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 44 (cf. Cato R. R. 4). —
  • B Of good education, well-informed, learned, polite, refined: gentem quidem nullam video neque tam humanam atque doctam neque tam immanem atque barbaram, quae non significari futura posse censeat, Cic. Div. 1, 1, 2; cf.: homo doctissimus atque humanissimus, id. Verr. 2, 4, 44, § 98: homines periti et humani, id. ib. 2, 5, 28, § 70: haec ego non possum dicere non esse hominis quamvis et belli et humani, id. Fin. 2, 31, 102: Praxiteles nemini est paulum modo humaniori ignotus, Varr. ap. Gell. 13, 16, 3 (eruditiori doctiorique, Gell.; see the entire chap.): humanissimus sermo, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 10, 2.—Hence, adv. in two forms: hūmānē and hūmānĭter.
  • • 1 (Acc. to I.) Humanly, agreeably to human nature, in a manner becoming humanity.
    • • • α Form humane: vix humane patitur, Ter. Ad. 145: intervalla vides humane commoda, i. e. exceedingly, charmingly commodious, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 70: morbos toleranter atque humane ferunt, Cic. Tusc. 2, 27, 65.—
        • β Form humaniter: docebo profecto, quid sit humaniter vivere, Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 5: sin aliter acciderit, humaniter feremus, id. Att. 1, 2, 1.—
      • b Comp.: si qui forte, cum se in luctu esse vellent, aliquid fecerunt humanius, aut si hilarius locuti sunt, Cic. Tusc. 3, 27, 64.—
    • 2 In partic. (acc. to II. A.), humanely, pleasantly, courteously, kindly, gently, politely, etc.
    • • • α Form humane: Hirtium aliquid ad te συμπαθῶς de me scripsisse facile patior: fecit enim humane, Cic. Att. 12, 44, 1.—
        • β Form humaniter: invitus litteras tuas scinderem: ita sunt humaniter scriptae, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 509, 21: fecit humaniter Licinius, id. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 1.—
      • b Sup.: quod se sua voluntate erga Caesarem humanissime diligentissimeque locutus esses, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 6, § 20: quam humanissime scribere, id. Fam. 2, 17, 6; 5, 20, 8; cf. Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 3: ducem se itineris humanissime promisit, Petr. 8, 2.

hūmānus, a, um (homo), menschlich, I) im allg.: facies, Cic.: genus (Geschlecht), Cic.: gentes, Liv.: casus, Ov.: ignes, Feuer, die die Menschen täglich zu ihrem Gebrauche machen, Plin.: vita, Cic.: res humanae, menschliche Dinge od. Angelegenheiten, das Irdische, die irdischen Güter, das Diesseits, die Welt (Ggstz. res divinae), Cic. u.a.; u. menschliche Begebenheiten, Schicksale, Cic. u.a.: h. vox, Liv. fr. u. Plin.: hostia, Menschenopfer, Cic., Sall. fr. u.a.: cibi, Menschenfleisch, Flor.: dapes, Menschenfleisch, Ov., Menschenkot, Plin.: urina, Augustin.: scelus, gegen die Menschen, Liv.: conspectus ab utraque acie aliquanto augustior (habitu) humano visus, er erschien beiden Heeren als ein übermenschliches Wesen, Liv.: voluptas humanissima, Cic. – humanum est, das ist etwas Menschliches, Ter. adelph. 471. Cic. Verr. 5, 117. – humano quodam modo, auf eine echt menschliche Weise, Quint. 10, 3, 15. – subst., a) hūmānus, ī, m., ein menschliches Wesen, einer aus dem Menschengeschlecht, Romulus humano maior, Ov. fast. 2, 503: ebenso Plur. humani, menschliche Wesen, Menschenkinder, Lucr. 3, 80 u. 835. Varro sat. Men. 289: u. Genet. Plur. synkop., aeternûm humanûm (= deorum hominumque) sator, Pacuv. tr. 295. – b) hūmāna, ae, f. (sc. caro), Menschenfleisch, Tert. de anim. 32. – c) hūmānum, ī, n., Menschliches = menschliches Wesen, menschliches Geschick, menschliches Gefühl u. dgl., bes. im Genet. bei nihil u. ähnl., zB. Satyris praeter effigiem nihil humani, Mela 1, 8, 10 (1. § 48): si in Pompeio quid humani evenisset, Sall. hist. 5, 16 (20): homo sum; humani nil a me alienum puto, Ter. heaut. 77. – d) hūmāna, ōrum, n., α) die menschlichen Dinge, -Angelegenheiten, die irdischen Güter od. Schwächen, das Irdische (Ggstz. caelestia, divina), de divinis atque humanis cernitur, Plaut.: divina atque humana (göttl. u. menschl. Recht) promiscua habere, Sall.: humana miscere divinis, Liv.: humana (die menschlichen Schwächen) ad deos transferre (Ggstz. divina [die göttlichen Eigenschaften] ad nos), Cic.: deos non humana neglegere fremunt, Liv.: agentibus divina (Opfer, Auspizien) humanaque (u. Befehle, Anordnungen) consulibus, Liv. – β) was zum Lose der Menschen gehört, was einen Menschen treffen kann, die menschlichen Begebnisse, -Leiden, -Schicksale, ferre humana, Cic., humana humanitus od. humane, Afran. fr. u. Cic.: omnia humana tolerabilia ducere, Cic.: fortuna humana fingit artatque ut lubet, Plaut. – II) insbes.: A) menschlich = menschenfreundlich, leutselig, liebreich, freundlich (Ggstz. inhumanus, superbus), erga alqm, Cic.: homo humanissimus, Cic.: ingenium, Cic.: sensus humanissimus, Planc. in Cic. ep. – B) von seiner Bil dung, sein gebildet (Ggstz. immanis), gens humana atque docta (Ggstz. immanis atque barbara), Cic.: Syracusani homines periti et humani, Cic.: Scipio homo humanissimus, Cic. – C) menschlich, dem Menschen angemessen, vestis humanior, anständigere Kleidung, Petron. 117: cibi humaniores, Cael. Aur. de morb. chron. 2, 14, 209. – dah. = ungehindert, ungehemmt, respiratio humanior, Cael. Aur. de morb. acut. 2, 1, 2. – ➳ Archaist. hemonus, Paul. ex Fest. 100, 5 (wo ›hemona‹ humana dicebant).

humanus [CL] 1 human, of man or men; b (as dist. from animal); c (as dist. from divine); d (as dist. from diabolic). e (m. as sb.) human being. f kindly, humane, decent. domus ~ae omnis nequitiae Gildas EB 71; tres partes delfini carnis quasi ~o [v. l. ~a] manu cum cultella sectas V. Cuthb. II 4; ~a miseria Alch. Ep. 298 (v. decollare b); sic pater ille pius divino lumine verbi / expulit humanis tetricas de cordibus umbras Alcuin SS Ebor 144; c955 cur ‥ nititur cupido ~i moliminis possidere ea quae velut umbra transeunt CS 936; ~um est peccare Alex. Cant. Dicta 1 p. 116; ~us ‥ unde humane ‥ et haec humanitas ‥ et humanatus ‥ i. humanitatem indutus Osb. Glouc. Deriv. 267; misera ~e imperfectionis condicione Gir. TH pref.; humanos ‥ affectus Ib. III 12 (v. affectus a); corpus ~um J. Blund An. 235 (v. elementum 1b); sensus ~us quoddammodo racionalis Kilwardby OS 632; 1346 ~e memorie (v. dilatate); superfluitas ~a Wycl. Ver. III 150 (v. deordinatio); intellectus ~us Melton 247 (v. exadmirari).  b Lib. Monstr. I 7 (v. distinguere 2c); R. Cold. Cuthb. 114 (v. documentum 2a); Gir. TH II 19 (v. bestialis a); Ib. (v. 1 ferinus 1a).  c si quis laicus de monasterio monachum duxerit furtim, aut intret in monasterium Deo servire aut ~um subeat servitium Theod. Pen. I 3. 1; et divina sibi et ~a prorsus resistente virtute, in neutro cupitum possunt obtinere propositum Bede HE V 23 p. 351; nascitur humana celsus de carne creator Alcuin Carm. 117. 1; s1212 (v. detestatio 1a); scienciarum quedam divina est, sc. que Deo auctore tradita est, quedam ~a, sc. que ~is racionibus est inventa Kilwardby OS 654; natura divina et ~a Peckham QA 158 (v. disparatio); Rolle IA 214 (v. delectamentum); J. Bury Glad. Sal. 582 (v. dispariter).  d W. Malm. GP II 95; s1454 (v. diabolicus a).  e a ‥ ~orum memoria Favent 1 (v. diurnitas 2).  f ~ior extincto militi quam superstiti Gir. EH I 46; ~a caruit sepultura P. Blois Ep. 42. 124A. 2 (in var. spec. phr.): a (genus ~um or less usu. gens ~a); b (natura ~a); c (condicio ~a). d (lex ~a) human law (as dist. from divine and natural); e (more ~o, ex jure ~o) as men do. f (vox ~a; also mus.). Gildas EB 4, etc. (v. 1 genus 3a); ? 693 anno incarnationis salvatoris ~i generis †dclxiij CS 121; Bede HE IV 24 (v. genesis 3); gentis humanae aut dominus quis conditor esset Bonif. Aen. 363; salvator generis humani Alcuin Carm. 28. 9; in toto genere ~o non potuit reperiri pars sana AncrR 33.  b illi quantum ~ae naturae possibile est commoti Gildas EB 17 (cf. G. Mon. X 3: ille quantum ~e nature possibile est commotus); non solum ‥ hoc vitium sed et omnia quae ~ae naturae accidere solent Ib. 22 (cf. G. Mon. XII 6); Aldh. PR 114 (v. 2 esse 10e); Nunnam. f. 21v (v. expolire 1b); Anselm III 88 (v. exactio 1a); quatuor ‥ ~e nature sunt status Simil. Anselmi 125; Pull. Sent. 693A (v. examinator 2); c1140 (v. 2 esse 12b).  c s634 (v. 1 condicio 2b); 930 (v. decipere b); Anselm II 273 (v. 1 condicio 2b); NLA II 66 (v. devastatrix); Free Ep. 57 (v. extimescere 2).  d Wycl. Sim. 51 (v. elaboratio a); Gascoigne Loci 94 (v. epieikeia); J. Bury Glad. Sal. 591 (v. dictamen 3b); lex divina necessaria nobis est quia lex ~a et naturalis non sufficiunt Ib. 592.  e coepit ‥ haec famula Dei, ‥ proximante jam fine, ex ~o jure graviter infirmari B. V. Dunst. 11; 1325 mortuus est et obiit ~o more Cl 142 m. 7; divina mystica ~o more velle pertractare J. Bury Glad. Sal. 590.  f vox humana quidem superum pulsaret Olympum Alcuin SS Ebor 861; G. Mon. VII 4 (v. excitare 5); W. Cant. Mir. Thom. VI 148 (v. deprope a); Tunst. 219a (v. deductio 6). 3 (as sb. n. pl. or res ~ae) human, earthly affairs; b (as dist. from divine, celestial). c life, the world of the living. d (agere in ~is or sim.) to be alive. e (w. eximere or sim.) to die; v. et. eximere 3b. omnia humanis non necessaria rebus, / quae homines longe lateque habere videntur Bonif. Aen. 354; Gir. TH III 12 (v. decrescere 1e); cum ‥ res ~e sint operacio et sermo, congrue putatur operacio prior sermone Kilwardby OS 632.  b a804 divinarum ~arumque rerum scientia (v. definire 2a); quasi inutilem eum ‥ in divinis et humanis rebus ‥ effecit Asser Alf. 74; ab ~is ad divina J. Sal. SS 948AB (v. egersimon).  c s1342 dux ‥ migravit ad Dominum ‥ pueris suis ‥ in ~is relictis Avesb. 99; 1393 quamdiu vixero in ~is Lit. Cant. III 21.  d 1325 episcopo in rebus ~is agente Lit. Cant. I 156; 1361 quamdiu agerimus [sic] ~is Reg. Glasg. 264; 1406 Rogerus W., dum ageret in ~is, episcopus Londoniensis ‥ Ib. III 98; dum ageret in ~is Canon. S. Osm. 2; s1455 dum in ~is ageret Reg. Whet. I 158; c1504 dum agit in ~is StatOx 310.  e Dial. Scac. I 11C (v. determinatio 1c); Gir. EH II 31 (v. exemptio 1); s1348 pestilencia ‥ sanos quam plurimos ‥ rebus exemit ~is Avesb. f. 119.

hūmānus, (7) a, um (homo), ¶ 1 humain, qui concerne lʼhomme : humana species et figura Cic. Amer. 63, lʼextérieur et la conformation de lʼhomme ; genus humanum Cic. Læl. 20, le genre humain ; divinæ humanæque res Cic. Læl. 20, les choses divines et humaines ; non humanæ audaciæ Cic. Cat. 2, 10, des audaces qui nʼont rien dʼhumain : humanissima voluptas Cic. Ac. 2, 127, plaisir bien conforme à la nature humaine ; humanum est Ter. Ad. 471 ; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 117, cʼest humain, cʼest dans la nature humaine ; humani nihil Ter. Haut. 77, rien de ce qui concerne lʼhomme || pl. m. humani Lucr. 3, 80, les humains || pl. n. humana, les choses humaines, les événements humains : Cic. Tusc. 5, 17 ; ou les caractères, les attributs humains Cic. Tusc. 1, 65 ¶ 2 aimable, affable, sociable : homo facillimus atque humanissimus Cic. Att. 16, 16 c, 12, homme si complaisant et si aimable, cf. Cic. CM 59 ¶ 3 cultivé : homo doctissimus atque humanissimus Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 98, homme si instruit et si cultivé || policé, civilisé : homines a fera agrestique vita ad hunc humanum cultum civilemque deducere Cic. de Or. 1, 33, tirer les hommes de leur vie farouche et sauvage pour les amener à notre état de civilisation et dʼorganisation politique.

➳ arch. hemonus P. Fest. 100, 5.

humanus , a, um. adj. c. s.
人者。人事。 寬仁。

Suggest a Translation
See an image

humanus , i. m.
人。

Suggest a Translation
See an image

hūmānus adj.with comp.and sup.

• homo, of man, human: species et figura: caput, a human head, H.: hostiae, human sacrifices: caro, Iu.: genus, the human race: omnium divinarum humanarumque rerum consensio: cultus: humanissima voluptas: maior imago Humanā, of superhuman size, Iu.: scelus, against men, L.—As substn.: si quicquam in vobis humani esset, of human feeling, L.: Homo sum, humani nil a me alienum puto, T.: humano maior Romulus, superhuman, O.—Plur, human affairs, concerns of men, events of life: omnia humana, quaecumque accidere possunt: si quicquam humanorum certi est, L.— Humane, philanthropic, kind, gentle, obliging, polite: Cyrus erga Lysandrum: homo humanissimus.—Of good education, well-informed, learned, polite, refined, civilized: Ubii sunt humaniores, Cs.: gens: homines.