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Φοῖνιξ

Φοῖνιξ, a Phoenician

Φοῖνιξ, ῑκος, ὁ, ἡ,
  • Phoenician, Φοῖνιξ ἀνὴρ ἀπατήλια εἰδώς Od. 14.288, cf. 13.272, 15.415; ὡς Φ. ἀνήρ, Σιδώνιος κάπηλος S. Fr. 909.
      • 2 fem., γυνή Φοίνισσα Od. 15.417; Φοίνισσαι, name of plays by Euripides, Phrynichus, etc.; also Φ. ἐμπολά Pi. P. 2.67; χθών, νᾶσος, etc., E. Ph. 6, 204 (lyr.), etc.; Φ. βοά ib. 301 (lyr.); κώπη Id. Hel. 1272; Φ. ἄμπεχος PCair.Zen. 33.14 (iii B. C.).
    • II Carthaginian, ἀλαλατός Pi. P. 1.72; also fem., Φοίνισσαι νῆες Th. 1.116, D.S. 13.80.
  • B φοῖνιξ, ῑκος, ὁ, purple or crimson, because the discovery and earliest use of this colour was ascribed to the Phoenicians, Il. 4.141, 6.219, Od. 23.201, etc.:—hence,
      • 2 as Adj. (fem. φοίνισσα Pi. (v. infr.); φοῖνιξ as fem., E. Tr. 815), blood-bay, of a horse, Il. 23.454; of red cattle, φοίνισσα ἀγέλα Pi. P. 4.205, cf. Theoc. 25.128: of the colour of fire, φοίνισσα φλόξ Pi. P. 1.24; πυρὸς φ. πνοά E. l.c.; also φ. ἱμάντες Simon. 17; πέπλοι E. Hel. 181 (lyr.), etc.
    • II date-palm, Phoenix dactylifera, Od. 6.163, h.Ap. 117, Pi. Fr. 75 14 (dub.), E. Hec. 458 (lyr.), D.S. 2.53; τόξα ἐκ φοίνικος σπάθης πεποιημένα Hdt. 7.69, etc.: the male and female distd. by Hdt. as [ὁ φ.] ἔρσην and [ἡ φ.] βαλανηφόρος, 1.193 (but the latter is masc., ibid. and in 4.172, 182); φοινίκων . . τῶν καρπίμων οἱ μὲν ἄρρενες αἱ δὲ θήλειαι Thphr. HP 2.6.6, but αἱ ἀπὸ τῶν ἀρρένων πρὸς τοὺς θήλεις [βοήθειαι] ib. 2.8.4.
      • 2 palm-frond, as a badge of victory, Arist. MM 1196a36, Plu. QConv. 2.723b, etc.; τὸν φ. τινὶ ἀποδοῦναι Chrysipp.Stoic. 3.175.
      • 3 date, Hellanic. 56J., Epich. 18, Antiph. 65, Ephipp. 24; more correctly, τοῦφοίνικος ὁ καρπός Hdt. 1.193; καρπὸς φοίνικος Hermipp. 63.22 (hex.); cf. φοινικοβάλανος.
    • III ὁ χαμαιρριφής dwarf-palm, Chamaerops humilis, Thphr. HP 2.6.11.
      • 2 a Bactrian tree, Mazri palm, Nannorhops ritchieana, ib. 4.4.8.
      • 3 a sea-plant, Callophyllis laciniata, ib. 4.6.2, 10.
      • 4 rye-grass, Lolium perenne, Dsc. 4.43.
    • IV a musical instrument, like a guitar, invented by the Phoenicians, Hdt. 4.192, Ephor. 4 J., Phillis 2 (pl.), Scamon 3; but so called because made from the Delian palm, acc. to Semus 1.
    • V the fabulous bird phoenix, Hes. Fr. 171.4, Antiph. 175; from Arabia acc. to Hdt. 2.73; but from India, Philostr. VA 3.49: prov., φοίνικος ἔτη βιοῦν Luc. Herm. 53.
    • VI an ornament, LXX Ez. 41.25.
    • VII perfume prepared from the fronds of the date-palm, Thphr. Od. 28.
    • VIII a fish, Ael. NA 12.24.
    • IX a bandage, Heliod. ap. Orib. 49.11.2.
    • X = εὐρύνοτος, Agathem. 2.7.
    • XI φ. ἐν ὁπλῇ, a disease of the hoof, Hippiatr. 10.
    • XII an eye-salve, Aët. 7.116.
  • [In all senses of the word ῑ in gen., but nom. φοῖνιξ, not φοίνιξ, Hdn.Gr. ap. Choerob. in Thd. 1.292.]

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