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ἐπικαλέω

ἐπικαλέω, to call upon

ἐπικᾰλέω,
  • summon a god to a sacrifice or as witness to an oath, etc., invoke, θεόν Hdt. 2.39, 3.8, al.; ἐπὶ δὲ κάλεσον Ἄρτεμιν Ar. Lys. 1280, cf. Act.Ap. 7.59, etc.; ἐ. θεόν τινι invoke a god over one, to be gracious to him, Hdt. 1.199; or, watch over his good faith, Id. 3.65:— Med., Id. 1.87, al., X. HG 2.3.55, al.; ἐπικαλεσάμενος τὸν θεόν OGI 194.18 (Egypt, i B.C.).
        • b pray for, πρὸ καιροῦ τὸν θάνατον PLond. 5.1676.24 (vi A.D.).
      • 2 invite, γέροντας ἐπὶ πλέονας καλέσαντες Od. 7.189:—Med., Hdt. 1.187, al.
    • II Med., call in as a helper or ally, ἐπικαλεῖσθαί τινα σύμμαχον Id. 8.64, cf. Th. 1.101: c. inf., Hdt. 1.87; ἐ. τοὺς κεκμηκότας μὴ γενέσθαι Th. 3.59; ἐ. ἐκ Θεσσαλίης ἐπικουρίην Hdt. 5.63.
      • 2 call in as witness, μάρτυρας ἐ. τινάς Antipho 1.30, cf. Pl. Lg. 664c: c. inf., ἐ. θεοὺς . . καθορᾶν τὰ γιγνόμενα X. HG 2.3.55: with neut. Adj., ταῦτα ἐ. Hdt. 9.62.
        • b appeal to, σύνεσιν καὶ παιδείαν D. 18.127 (hence, = Lat. appello, provoco, Plu. Marc. 2; τὸν δῆμον ἀπὸ τῶν δικαστῶν Id. TG 16; Καίσαρα Act.Ap. 25.11).
      • 3 call before one, summon, of the Ephors, Hdt. 5.39.
      • 4 challenge, ib. 5.1.2.
    • III call by surname, Δίων ὃν ἐπεκάλουν Χρυσόστομον Eun. VS p.454 B.:—more freq. Pass., to be called by surname, ἐπεκλήθησαν Κεκροπίδαι Hdt. 8.44; to be nicknamed, Ἀριστόδημον τὸν μικρὸν ἐπικαλούμενον X. Mem. 1.4.2, cf. HG 2.3.31; also τὸ ὄνομα ἐπικέκληταί σοι LXX De. 28.10; ἐπικληθήσεται ἐν αὐτοῖς τὸ ὄνομά μου ib. Ge. 48.16.
    • IV bring as an accusation against, τινί τι Th. 1.139, 4.133, cf. Isoc. 12.9; ἐ. τινί, c. inf., accuse one of doing, Th. 2.27, cf. Antipho 3.1.1; ἐ. τὴν ἀπόστασιν ὅτι . . ἐποιήσαντο Th. 3.36; ἐ. τινὶ πάντα ὅσα ἠδίκητο D.C. 37.6; ταῦτʼ ἐπικαλεῖς; is this your charge? Ar. Pax 663; ἐ. ἀρχαιότητα objecting to its obsoleteness, Pl. Lg. 657b: abs., ἐπικαλείτω let him bring his action, SIG 45.17 (Halic., v B.C.); ὁ ἐπικαλῶν the plaintiff, PHal. 1.216 (iii B.C.):—Pass., τὰ ἐπικαλεύμενα χρήματα the money imputed to him, i.e. which he was charged with having, Hdt. 2.118 (but τὰ ἐπικαλούμενα the sums claimed, PPetr. 2 p.108 (iii B.C.), and so in Act. λείαν ἐ. ib. 3 p.185); περὶ δανείου PGrenf. 2.31.15 (ii B.C.).
      • 2 c. dat. pers. only, ἐπικαλεῖν τινί quarrel, dispute with, ἀλλήλοις Pl. Lg. 766e.

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