finio

sic Tiberius finivit
thus Tiberius died senatusconsulto diebus XXX luctus est finitus
the period of mourning has been limited to thirty days by a decree of the senate

fīniō, īvī or iī, ītus, 4, a.: to end, put an end to, 11.116. (fīnis)

fīnĭo, īvi or ĭi, ītum, 4, v. a. [finis], to limit, bound, enclose within boundaries (class.).

• I Lit.
• • A In gen.: populi Romani imperium Rhenum finire, Caes. B. G. 4, 16, 4: quo (jugo) Cappadocia finitur ab Armenia, Auct. B. Alex. 35, 5: Tmolus Sardibus hinc, illinc parvis finitur Hypaepis, Ov. M. 11, 152; Vell. 2, 126, 3: rem res finire videtur (followed by terminare), Lucr. 1, 998: riparum clausas margine finit aquas, Ov. F. 2, 222: signum animo, Liv. 1, 18, 8: in ore sita lingua est, finita dentibus, Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149.—
  • B In partic.: finiens orbis or circulus, the horizon: illi orbes, qui aspectum nostrum definiunt, qui a Graecis ὁρίζοντες nominantur, a nobis finientes rectissime nominari possunt, Cic. Div. 2, 44, 92: circulus, Sen. Q. N. 5, 17, 2.
• II Trop.
• • A To set bounds to, restrain, check: equidem illud ipsum non nimium probo, philosophum loqui de cupiditatibus finiendis: an potest cupiditas finiri? Cic. Fin. 2, 9, 27; cf.: cupiditates satietate, id. ib. 2, 20, 64: deliberativas miror a quibusdam sola utilitate finitas, Quint. 3, 8, 1.—
  • B For definio, to prescribe, determine, fix, appoint, assign: sepulcris novis finivit modum, Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 66: AD EAM REM RATIONE CVRSVS ANNVOS SACERDOTES FINIVNTO, id. ib. 2, 8, 20: spatia omnis temporis numero noctium, Caes. B. G. 6, 18, 2; cf.: Hercyniae silvae latitudo novem dierum iter patet; non enim aliter finiri potest, i. e. its extent cannot be described more accurately, id. ib. 6, 25, 1; so too is to be explained the disputed passage: hoc autem sphaerae genus, in quo solis et lunae motus inessent ... in illa sphaera solida non potuisse finiri, this sort of (movable) celestial globe ... could not be defined, marked out, on that solid globe (of Thales), Cic. Rep. 1, 14: locum, in quo dimicaturi essent, Liv. 42, 47, 5: ut si finias equum, genus est animal, species mortale, etc., Quint. 7, 3, 3; cf.: rhetorice finitur varie, id. 2, 15, 1: sit nobis orator is, qui a M. Catone finitur, id. 12, 1, 1; 12, 3, 40.—Pass. impers.: de pecunia finitur, Ne major causa ludorum consumeretur quam, etc., Liv. 40, 44, 10.—
  • C To put an end to, to finish, terminate: bellum, Caes. B. C. 3, 51, 3; Curt. 3, 1, 9; Tac. A. 15, 17; Just. 16, 2, 8; Vell. 2, 17, 1: prandia nigris moris, Hor. S. 2, 4, 23: graves labores morte, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 115 (transl. from Eurip. πόνων πεπαυμένον): dolores morte, id. Fin. 1, 15, 49: tristitiam vitaeque labores molli mero, Hor. C. 1, 7, 17: labores, id. ib. 3, 4, 39; id. S. 1, 1, 93: dolores, id. ib. 2, 3, 263: studia, id. Ep. 2, 2, 104: amores, id. C. 1, 19, 4: sitim, id. Ep. 2, 2, 146: honores aequo animo, Vell. 2, 33, 3: vitam mihi ense, Ov. Tr. 3, 7, 49: vitam voluntariā morte, inediā, etc., Plin. 6, 19, 22, § 66; 8, 42, 64, § 157; so very rarely of a natural death: Valerianus in illo dedecore vitam finivit, Lact. Mort. Pers. 5, 6; cf. Tac. A. 1, 9; Sen. Ep. 66, 43: praecipitare te et finire, Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 3, 3: (Burrus) impedito meatu spiritum finiebat, Tac. A. 14, 51: animam, Ov. M. 7, 591: (distinctiones) interest sermonem finiant an sensum, Quint. 11, 3, 37; cf.: ut verbum acuto sono finiant, to pronounce with the accent on the last syllable, id. 1, 5, 25.—Pass., to come to an end, close, be ended, terminate: ut senten tiae verbis finiantur, end, close with verbs, Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 191; cf.: nec solum componentur verba ratione, sed etiam finientur, id. Or. 49, 164: Latinum (verbum), quod o et n litteris finiretur, non reperiebant, Quint. 1, 5, 60; cf. id. 1, 6, 14.—
  • • 2 In partic. (poet. and in post-Aug. prose), to come to an end, to cease.
    • • a To finish speaking, draw to a close, end: finierat Paean, Ov. M. 1, 566; 13, 123; 14, 441; cf.: finiturus eram, sed, etc., id. A. A. 1, 755: ut semel finiam, Quint. 1, 12, 6; 8, 3, 55; cf.: denique, ut semel finiam, id. 9, 4, 138: 5, 13, 3; 11, 3, 59.—
      • b To come to one's end, to die: sic fuit utilius finiri ipsi, Cic. poët. Tusc. 1, 48, 115: sic Tiberius finivit octavo et septuagesimo aetatis anno, Tac. A. 6, 50 fin.; for which, in pass.: qui morbo finiuntur, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 2: Seleucus quoque iisdem ferme diebus finitur, Just. 27, 3, 12; cf.: finita Juliorum domo, become extinct, Tac. H. 1, 16.
• —Hence, fīnītus, a, um, P. a. In rhetor., of words, that terminate properly, well-rounded, rhythmical: et ipsi infracta et amputata loquuntur et eos vituperant, qui apta et finita pronuntiant, Cic. Or. 51, 170.—Sup.: finitissimus, Prisc. 1076 P.—Adv.: fīnītē. *
• • • 1 (Acc. to II. A.) To a certain extent, within limits: avarus erit, sed finite, Cic. Fin. 2, 9, 27.— *
    • 2 (Acc. to II. B.) Definitely, specifically: referri oportere ad senatum aut infinite de re publica, aut de singulis rebus finite, Gell. 14, 7, 9.

fīnio, īvī, ītum, īre (finis), I) tr. begrenzen, in Grenzen einschließen, durch Grenzen festsetzen, -bestimmen, A) eig.: imperium populi Rom. (v. Rhein), Caes.: signum animo, Liv.: lingua finita dentibus, Cic.: finire arenae circulum, einen Kr. im S. beschreiben, Vell. – B) übtr.: 1) einer Sache Grenzen setzen, sie einschränken, cupiditates, Cic.: censuram, Liv. – 2) festsetzen, bestimmen, a) übh.: tempus, Cic.: diem, decem vades, locum, Liv.: modum, Cic.: latitudinem silvae, Caes.: mors est omnibus finita, Cic.: modus finiendi, der Indikativ, Quint. – m. folg. ne u. Konj., potuisse finire senatus consulto, ne etc., Liv. 31, 48, 8: unpers., de pecunia finitur, ne etc., Liv. 40, 44, 10. – b) durch eine Erklärung bestimmen, erklären, causam, Quint. – c) als philos. t. t., definieren, Sen. u. Quint. – 3) endigen, ein Ende machen, beschließen, im Passiv auch = zu Ende gehen, ein Ende nehmen, enden, aufhören, erlöschen, a) im allg.: bellum, Caes. b. c. 3, 51, 3: sitim, Hor.: famem, Ov.: odium, Curt.: odium mittere et finire, Liv.: fin. aequo animo honores, niederlegen (Ggstz. libentissime inire), Vell.: censuram intra legitimum tempus, Liv.: alci vitam, Sen. rhet.: labores morte graves, Cic. poët.: finitur sudor, febris, tussis, Cels.: finita vicesimo anno bella civilia, Vell. – animam in aris, Ov.: vitam (auf natürlichem od. gewaltsamem Wege), Sen. u. Tac.: vitam suspendio, Suet.: vitam laqueo, Sen. poët. u. Treb. Poll.: vitam laqueo fasciā composito, Aur. Vict.: vitam ferro, Suet., ense, Ov.: vitam veneno, Vulg.: vitam inediā, Plin. u. Plin. ep.: vitam immaturā morte, Vell., per vulnera, Ov.: vitam ex illo vulnere, Augustin. – Latinum (verbum), quod o et n litteris finiretur, non inveniebant, Quint. – Ggstz., quod finitur inceptum est, Lact. 2, 8, 43. – b) insbes.: α) jmd. endigen = dem Lebensende zuführen, Sen. ad Marc. 3, 3: u. so medial finiri absol., enden, sterben, Cic. poët., Sen. u.a.: morbo, Plin. ep. (vgl. Benecke Iustin. 27, 4, 12). – u. = erlöschen, finitā Iuliorum Claudiorumque domo, Tac. hist. 1, 16. – β) im Sprechen od. Schreiben beendigen, beschließen, omnia finierat, Ov.: nondum querelam finieram, Petron.: vix prece finitā, Ov.: cum (oratio) finita est, wenn er (der Vortrag) zu Ende ist, Quint.: sermone finito, Curt.: voto volumen finiendum sit, Vell. – γ) als rhet. t. t., innerhalb bestimmter Grenzen zu Perioden zusammenordnen, numerös od. periodisch abschließen, nec solum componentur verba ratione (mit Bewußtsein, mit Einsicht in das Wesen der Kunst), sed etiam finientur, Cic. or. 161: ut sententiae verbis finiantur, Cic. de or. 3, 191: u. so Partic. subst., apta et finita pronuntiare (Ggstz. infracta et amputata loqui), Cic. or. 170. – II) intr. enden, aufhören, a) im allg.: cum anceps pugna diei finisset occasu, Amm. 24, 4, 20: Ggstz. puto illum pridie incipere, postero die finire, Petron. 92, 9. – b) insbes.: α) enden = sterben, sic Tiberius finivit octavo et septuagesimo aetatis anno, Tac. ann. 6, 50 extr. – β) im Sprechen od. Schreiben enden, schließen, seine Rede beschließen, finio, Plin. ep.: finieram, Mart.: finierat Telamone satus, Ov.: Ggstz., cum initium a tempestate sumpserunt, incendio aut ruinā finiunt, Quint. 8, 6, 50. – γ) periodisch abschließen, schließen, illi philosopho placet ordiri a superiore paeone, posteriore finire, Cic. de or. 3, 183.

fīnĭō, (8) īvī, ītum, īre (finis).

I tr., ¶ 1 limiter, délimiter, borner [pr. et fig.] : populi Romani imperium Rhenum finire Cæs. G. 4, 16, 4, [ils répondirent] que lʼempire du peuple romain avait le Rhin pour limite ; cupiditates Cic. Fin. 2, 27, mettre des bornes aux passions ; finitas cupiditates habere Cic. Fin. 1, 62, avoir des désirs limités ; verba ratione finientur Cic. Or. 164, on limitera les phrases méthodiquement ¶ 2 préciser, déterminer : modum alicui rei Cic. Leg. 2, 66, spécifier des proportions limitées à qqch. ; spatia temporis numero noctium Cæs. G. 6, 18, 2, déterminer les moments de la durée par le nombre des nuits, cf. G. 6, 25, 1 || définir : Quint. 7, 3, 3 ; 12, 1, 1 ; 12, 3, 40 || [avec ne subj.] : finire senatusconsulto, ne... Liv. 31, 48, 8, spécifier par un sénatusconsulte lʼinterdiction de... ; de pecunia finitur ne... Liv. 40, 44, 10, à propos de la dépense on spécifie lʼinterdiction de... ¶ 3 achever, finir : bellum Cæs. C. 3, 51, 3, terminer la guerre, cf. Curt. 3, 1, 9 ; Tac. Ann. 15, 17 ; meminerit dolores maximos morte finiri Cic. Fin. 1, 49, quʼil se souvienne que la mort met un terme aux plus grandes douleurs ; sitim finire Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 146, apaiser la soif ; vitam voluntaria morte Plin. 6, 66, mettre fin à sa vie par une mort volontaire || [abs^t ] mettre un terme, finir [de parler, dʼécrire] : ut semel finiam Quint. 1, 12, 6, etc., pour conclure enfin ¶ 4 [pass.] finiri, se terminer : ut sententiæ verbis finiantur Cic. de Or. 3, 191, de sorte que la pensée se termine avec les mots (que la phrase embrasse tout le développement de la pensée), cf. Cic. Or. 170 ; [gramm.] se terminer (avoir comme terminaison), cf. Quint. 1, 5, 60 ; 1, 6, 14 || finiri, mourir : [poet.] Cic. Tusc. 1, 115 ; morbo Plin. Min. Ep. 1, 12, 2, mourir de maladie.

II intr. [rare], avoir un terme, finir : cum pugna diei finisset occasu Amm. 24, 4, 20, le combat ayant pris fin avec le jour || sic Tiberius finivit... Tac. Ann. 6, 50, cʼest ainsi que finit (mourut) Tibère.

finio , is, ivi vel ii, itum, ire. act. n. 4.
作完。死。定限。解言。諭定。 畢。盡。Placuit rem paucorum certamine finire 約定用些須兵赴敵而決此事。

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fīniō īvī, ītus, īre

• finis, to limit, bound, enclose within boundaries: populiR.imperium, Cs.: signum animo, L.: lingua finita dentibus.—To stop, close, shut: cavernas, O.—Fig., to set bounds to, restrain, check: loqui de cupiditatibus finiendis.—To prescribe, determine, fix, set, appoint, assign: sepulcris novis modum: spatia temporis numero noctium, Cs.: mors est omnibus finita: (silva) non aliter finiri potest, i. e. has no definite boundaries, Cs.: finire senatūs consulto, ne, etc., L.: de pecuniā finitur, Ne maior consumeretur, etc., L.—To put an end to, finish, terminate: bellum, Cs.: nigris prandia moris, H.: dolores morte: sitim, H.: ut sententiae verbis finiantur, end with verbs: Sic fuit utilius finiri ipsi, die.—To make an end, come to an end, cease: paeone posteriore: Finierat Paean, ceased speaking, O.: sic finivit, died, Ta.