officium

exsequi consulis officia et munera
to fulfill the duties and tasks of a consul

officium , iī, n.: anything done for another; service, duty, favor, kindness, 1.548. (officiō, come in the way of)

offĭcĭum, ii, n. [for opificium, opus and facio], qs. that which one does for another, a service, whether of free will or of (external or moral) necessity (class.; cf.: studium, beneficium, meritum, munus).

• I A voluntary service, a kindness, favor, courtesy, rendered to one whose claim to it is recognized; while beneficium is a service rendered where there is no claim: officium esse filii, uxoris, earum personarum, quas necessitudo suscitat et ferre opem jubet, Sen. Ben. 3, 18, 1.
• • A In gen.: altera sententia est, quae definit amicitiam paribus officiis ac voluntatibus, Cic. Lael. 16, 58: odiosum sane genus hominum officia exprobrantium, id. ib. 20, 71: nihil est vicissitudine studiorum officiorumque jucundius, id. ib. 14, 49: filicem cum officio vicini decidere, so as to do him a service, Col. 2, 14, 6: summo officio praeditus homo, exceedingly obliging, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 51, § 135. —
  • B In partic.
  • • 1 A ceremonial observance, ceremony, attendance (on a festive or solemn occasion; mostly post-Aug.): officio togae virilis interfui, Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 2: sine solenni officio, Suet. Claud. 2: per sollenne nuptiarum celeberrimo officio deductum ad se, id. Ner. 28; cf. id. Claud. 26: ad officium venire, id. Calig. 25: relicto statim novorum consulum officio, id. Caes. 50: in officio salutationis, id. Aug. 27: vitans praeter navigantium officia, id. Tib. 12: officia prosequentium, id. Caes. 71: quod supremis in matrem officiis defuisset, at the payment of the last offices, at the funeral, Tac. A. 5, 2: officium cras Primo sole mihi peragendum in valle Quirini, a ceremonial visit, Juv. 2, 133 sq.; 3, 239.—
    • 2 In mal. part., compliance, favor, Prop. 3, 15, 24; Ov. Am. 1, 10, 46; 3, 7, 24; cf. virile, Theod. Prisc. 2, 11: puerile, Plaut. Cist. 4, 1, 5 (657); Petr. 140.—
• II In gen., an obligatory service, an obligation, duty, function, part, office (so most freq. in prose and poetry of all periods): nulla vitae pars neque publicis neque privatis neque forensibus neque domesticis in rebus, neque si tecum agas quid, neque, si cum altero contrahas, vacare oflicio potest: in eoque et colendo sita vitae est honestas omnis et in neglegendo turpitudo, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 2, 4 sq.: perfectum officium rectum opinor vocemus, quod Graeci κατόρθωμα: hoc autem commune καθῆκον vocant, id. ib. 1, 3, 8; an id doles, quia illi suum officium non colunt, quom tu tuum facis? Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 34 (34); id. ib. 1, 1, 39 (39); id. Pers. 4, 4, 66 (624): meminisse officium suum, to remember one's duty, id. Trin. 3, 2, 71 (697).—Also, subject., a sense of duty: si quis aegre ferat nihil in se esse virtutis, nihil officii, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 28, 61: quicquid in eum judicii officiique contuleris, id. Fam. 10, 1 fin.: intellegere, utrum apud eos pudor atque officium an timor valeret, Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 14: suum facere, to do one's duty, Ter. Ad. 69: omnibus officiis amicitiae servatis, observe all the obligations of friendship, Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3: exsequi, id. Att. 3, 15, 4: fungi officio, id. Fam. 3, 8, 3: satisfacere officio, to perform, id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47: officium suum deserere, to disregard one's duty, not perform it, id. Off. 1, 9, 28: discedere ab officio, id. ib. 1, 10, 32: deesse officio suo, id. Fam. 7, 3, 1: officii duxit, considered it his duty, Suet. Tib. 11.—Of animals: canes funguntur officiis luporum, act the part of, Auct. Her. 4, 34, 46.—Of things: neque pes neque mens satis suum officium facit, Ter. Eun. 729: officium corporis, the function or property of a body, Lucr. 1, 336 and 362.—
• • B In partic.
  • • 1 Lit., an official duty, a service, employment, business (class.): toti officio maritimo M. Bibulus praepositus cuncta administrabat, naval service, Caes. B. C. 3, 5 fin.; 3, 8: celeriter equitatus ad cotidianum itineris officium revertitur, id. ib. 1, 80: confecto legationis officio, id. ib. 3, 103: destringor officio, Plin. Ep. 7, 15, 1: officium (scribae), Nep. Eum. 1, 5.—
    • 2 Transf., an office, appointment (post-Aug.).
    • • a Laboriosissimum et maximum, office, Plin. Pan. 91: nova officia excogitavit, Suet. Aug. 37; cf.: novum officium instituit a voluptatibus, id. Tib. 42: obligationes, quae non propriis viribus consistunt, neque officio judicis, neque praetoris imperio neque legis potestate confirmantur, Dig. 44, 7, 27: qui ex officio pro aliis interveniunt, by virtue of their office, ib. 21, 1, 31, § 14: ministerii, Vulg. Exod. 28, 35: sacerdotum, id. Num. 7, 8.—
      • b Transf., in concr.
      • • α The officials or attendants on a magistrate = officialium corpus (post-class.): sub praetextu adventus officiorum vel militum, Dig. 1, 18, 6; 21, 2, 74: deponere aliquid apud officium, ib. 2, 4. 17: officia palatina, officers at the imperial court, Treb. Poll. Gall. 17, 8.—
        • β An office or court of a magistrate: ipse me Regulus convenit in praetoris officio, Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 11.

officium, iī, n. (viell. aus opificium mit veränderter Bedeutung), I) = καθηκον (s. Cic. ad Att. 16, 11, 4), die moralische Obliegenheit, Pflicht, Verpflichtung, Verbindlichkeit, Schuldigkeit, der Dienst, der Beruf (in bürgerlichen u. gesellschaftlichen Verhältnissen, wie die religiöse Pflicht debitum, religio), A) im allg.: a) objekt.: esse in officio, Cic., od. officium suum facere, Ter., od. servare, Cic., od. exsequi, Cic., od. officio fungi, Cic., od. officio satisfacere, Cic., seine Pflicht tun, beobachten, erfüllen: scribendi officium explere, Cic.: officium implere, Sulp. Sev.: hominis officium implere, Lact.: religionis officium implere, Sulp. Sev.: officium publicum implere, Plin. ep.: officium praestare, Caes., u. alci praestare, Caes. u.a.: officii duxit, hielt es für Pflicht, Suet.: officium suum deserere oder ab officio discedere oder officio suo deesse, seine Pflicht aus den Augen setzen, -nicht tun, -nicht beobachten, Cic.: cessare officio, Liv., in officio, Liv.: qua ex re intellegi facile potuit, nullum esse officium tam sanctum atque solemne, quod non avaritia comminuere atque violare soleat, Cic. – v. Tieren, canes funguntur officio luporum, den Beruf, Cornif. rhet. – übtr., v. Lebl., neque pes neque mens satis suum officium facit, Ter. – b) subj.: α) das Pflichtgefühl, Cic. Tusc. 4, 61; ep. 10, 1, 4. Nep. Att. 4, 2: imperatoris, Caes. b. G. 1, 40, 10: pudor atque officium, Caes. b. G. 1, 40, 14. – β) die Pflichttreue, Pflichtmäßigkeit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 39. – B) insbes., die Unterwürfigkeit, der Gehorsam Besiegter, in officio esse, Caes.: in officio continere, Caes.: officio assuefactus, Caes. – II) = jede pflichtmäßige Handlungsweise od. Handlung, A) im allg.: nullā re tam laetari soleo, quam meorum officiorum conscientiā, quibus si quando non mutue respondetur, apud me plus officii residēre facile patior, Cic.: ignoscendi ratio quaeritur ex iis locis, si plura aut maiora officia quam maleficia videbuntur constare, Cornif. rhet. – B) insbes.: 1) die Dienstfertigkeit, Dienstbeflissenheit, Höflichkeit, Gefälligkeit, litterae officii plenae, Cic.: homo summo officio praeditus, ein sehr gefälliger Mann, Cic. – 2) die Gefälligkeit, der Liebesdienst, a) übh.: mea in te omnia summae necessitudinis officia constabunt, Cic.: illius in ullum ordinem officia, Cic.: alci officium negare non posse, Suet.: debere alci mutua officia, Plin. ep. – b) prägn. = α) die Höflichkeits- od. Ehrenbezeigung, Ehrfurchtsbezeigung, die man jmdm. bei öffentlichen Gelegenheiten (bei Sponsalien, Hochzeiten, bei Verleihung der männlichen Toga, bei Testationen, Advokationen, Amtsbewerbung, Amtsantritt) durch Begleitung aufs Forum usw., Aufwartung im Haufe usw. erweist, der Ehrendienst, praetoris, urbani praetoris officium, das beim Amtsantritt eines Prätors übliche Geleite, Plin. ep. u. Amm. (vgl. Valesius Amm. 26, 1, 1): frequentiam atque officium suum Antonio praestare, Hirt. b. G.: urbana officia alci praestare, Nep. u. Balb. in Cic. ep.: officium facere, Hor.: celebrare officium nuptiarum, der Hochzeitsfeier beiwohnen, Suet.: exsequiarum officium implere, Iustin.: quae causa officii? nubit amicus, Iuven.: officio togae virilis interfui, habe der Zeremonie, als jemand das männliche Kleid bekam, beigewohnt, Plin. ep.: relicto novorum consulum officio, nachdem man die Aufwartung bei den neuen Konsuln abgebrochen, Suet.: inter officia prosequentium, Suet.: remissis quattuor triremibus Massiliensibus, quae officii causā ab domo prosecutae erant, Liv.: suprema officia, der letzte Liebesdienst (durch Geleit der Leiche), Tac.: so auch off. triste, Ov. – β) im obszönen Sinne, der Dienst = Beischlaf (vgl. Sen. exc. contr. 4. praef. § 10), saepe est experta puella officium totā nocte valere meum, Prop.: ter Libas officio continuata meo est, ist dreimal nacheinander von mir bedient worden, Ov.: quae multas saepe hereditates officio aetatis extorserat, Petron. – 3) der Dienst = das Amt, die Verrichtung, das Geschäft, die Amtsverrichtung, das Amtsgeschäft, a) eig. (griech. πραξις), maritimum, Seedienst, Caes.: publicum, Ggstz. privatum, Quint.: legationis, Caes.: officium militiaeque labor, Ov.: officium admissionis, Suet.: officia palatina, kaiserl. Hofämter, Aur. Vict. epit. 14, 11. – officia civilia, öffentliche Geschäfte, Suet.: officia praetorum et consulum, Spart.: officium recipere, Sen.: officio distringi, Plin. ep. – quidam ex officio admissionis, einer vom Dienste der Anmeldung zur Audienz = ein Kammerherr, Suet. – b) meton., Beamte, officiorum omnium milites, Lact. de mort. pers. 31, 3: officia palatina, kaiserl. Hofbeamte, Treb. Poll. Gall. 17, 8 (vgl. no. a): cum officio et comitate angelorum, Tert. adv. Val. 16. – u. Gerichtsbeamte, Amtspersonal, ICt.

officium [CL] 1 (act of) kindness, favour, service, help, or sim.; b (w. subj. gen.); c (w. obj. gen.); d (transf. or fig.). memento qualiter Ambacuc discifer messorum fercula de Judea ad Chaldeos angelico fretus ~io in puncto temporis detulerit Aldh. VirgP 37 p. 286; ante oculosque Dei summi in secreta polorum / officia nostra offerat atque preces Alcuin Carm. 88. 12. 6; ~ium suum benigne promisit oscula dans ad fidem ac dextram W. Poit. I 3; sed nec ille prestantius valuit rependere ~ium ‥ nam ante Benedictum defunctus est W. Malm. GR I 54; ut in ~iis vel obsequiis vicem quis rependat amico, cum omnia illis debeant esse communia Ailr. Spir. Amicit. II 67. 678; 1361 quodlibet genus alienacionis rerum temporalium domus ‥ sibi interdici vestro ~io mediante (Chr. Abingd) EHR XXVI 736.  b nunc Marie lacrimosa suspiria, nunc Marthe laboriosa ~ia [cf. Luc. x 40] V. Gund. 29.  c Hieremias ‥ propheta et Johannes baptista in ~ium Domini a vulva matris sanctificati leguntur V. Cuthb. I 3.  d c620 licet summae divinitatis potentia humanae locutionis ~iis explanari non valeat (Lit. Papae) Bede HE II 10 p. 100; cujus [Henrici] gesta stili ~io posteris tradere majoris quam a nobis debeat exquiri est opere W. Malm. GR V prol.; qui conducuntur ad obsequium Dei sicut rusticus ad ~ium aratri T. Chobham Serm. 15. 55vb. 2 duty, obligation, task (also w. ref. to professional function or job); b (feud.); c (w. inf.); d (w. ut & subj.). per †sex grada [l. septem gradus] ~ii ‥ id est, ostiarius, fossarius, lector, subdiaconus, diaconus, presbyter, et episcopus Theod. Laterc. 19; impediri ergo orationes ~io conjugali commemorat, quia quotienscumque uxori debitum reddo, orare non possum Bede Ep. Cath. 55; interea funditores lapidibus, sagittarii jaculis, arcubaliste telis quisque suum exercentes ~ium instare W. Malm. GR IV 369; ut imperatoris et militis probe ~ium exsequeretur Ib. IV 389; ~ium ‥ est debitum exequendi que unicuique ex institutis aut moribus agenda sunt J. Sal. Pol. 544B.  b c1150 immunes ab omni laicorum ~io exactione indebita E. Ch. Scot. 223; 1282 in misericordia ‥ quia non fecit ~ium CourtR A. Stratton 70.  c quoniam igitur ~ii mei est vos exhortari ad caelestis regni desiderium Anselm (Ep. 296) IV 216; puer cujus erat ~ium admittere volentes dominum convenire W. Malm. GP I 6 p. 14; vestrum ‥ ~ium est sacra dare, non vendere Ailr. Serm. 28. 13; ~ium ‥ thesaurarii garderobe est: pecuniam, jocalia et exennia regi facta recipere etc. Fleta 78.  d non est episcopi ~ium ut ipse committat vel committi jubeat prelium W. Malm. GR II 202; unum ‥ ~ium omnium est et intentio ut regis utilitati prospiciant Dial. Scac. I 4A; Seraphim ‥ ~ium est ut non soli sibi clament, sed ut clamet alter ad alterum J. Ford Serm. 107. 10; cujus esse debet ~ium ut civitatem suam bene muniat T. Chobham Serm. 20. 97ra.. 3 (eccl. & mon.) divine office, authorized form of service or worship; b (w. ref. to) the introit sung at the beginning of the Mass; c (applied to) theatrical play. conspicatur ‥ quosdam catacuminos ‥ ab eodem mistico baptismatis ~io regeneratos extitisse quod scenico ludorum joco gestum decretis sinodalibus serio confirmatum est Aldh. VirgP 32 p. 273; officiis Domini fecit quoque vasa sacrata / argento necnon aurea tota quidem Alcuin Carm. 89. 1. 11; tempore disposito quo rex sacrandus habetur, / ‥ / undique conveniunt regis ad officium G. Amiens Hast. 790; post audita mane divina ~ia W. Malm. GR II 220; finito vespertino ~io H. Bos. Thom. III 37 p. 312; de ~iis agendum est generaliter et specialiter. sunt ‥ quedam generalia ~ia et uniformia que per totum annum observantur ut hore, vespere, et conpletorium, et misse quedam et matutine quedam. sunt etiam quedam specialia que variantur secundum diversitates temporum et distantiam sollempnitatum Beleth RDO 18. 30D; c1220 precipimus ‥ ut quilibet rector ecclesie parochialis ‥ habeat in ecclesia sua librum qui dicitur manuale in quo contineatur tocius ordo ~ii sacramentorum que per sacerdotem possunt conferri sc. exorcismus ‥ aque, servicium ‥ baptismi ‥ extreme unccionis ‥ et servicium sepulture (Const. Lond. 56) EHR XXX 296; horis canonicis nulla apendicia adjiciunt ‥ Ambrosianum ~ium exercent Knighton I 108.  b ~ium missae instituit Caelestinus papa Text. Roff. f. 117; facta ‥ coram altari oratione et ~ium misse choro imponente G. Cold. Durh. 16 p. 22; ad missam. ~ium. ‘ad te levavi animam meam’ Miss. Ebor. I 1; ~ium est introitus misse dictum Odington 100; 1419 ordines celebrati ‥ die Sabbati qua cantatur ~ium Scicientes, viz. primo die mensis Aprilis anno Domini millesimo ccccmodecimo nono Reg. Cant. I 191.  c hic incipit ~ium Resurreccionis in die Pasche Non-Cycle Plays IB tit. 4 function, use, working: a (of person, deity, or animal); b (of body or part of body); c (of bodily function); d (of artefact); e (dist. from natura). a nunc ‥ compellitur ‥ abjurare matris ~ium et ‥ se deplorat incurrere perpetue sterilitatis opprobrium P. Blois Ep. 54. 162A; qui [Stoici] ‥ unum esse deum dixerunt cui nomina variantur pro actibus et ~iis Alb. Lond. DG 7. 4; forma et quantitas ventrum, nacium, et uberum mulierum earum ~ia demonstrant a virorum ~iis in quibusdam naturaliter esse distincta Fortescue NLN II 8; ut non sit vivens animal, avis, aut piscis quod non ejus organis forma aut virtutibus designet ~ium ad quod ipsum natura creavit Ib..  b homines ‥ qui absque capitibus nascuntur ‥ et tota in pectore capitis ~ia gerunt Lib. Monstr. I 24; femina ‥ quae ‥ multis jam annis omni corporis fuerat ~io destituta Bede HE IV 9 p. 222; gaudens ‥ ut ~io pedum, quo ‥ erat ‥ destitutus Ib. V 2 p. 284; singule ‥ membrorum forme apte sunt ad suum ~ium Petrus Dial. 22; anima ‥ ipsius etiam capitis partes diversas diversis ~iis dedicavit Adel. ED 32; duo muti a nativitate, Deo adjuvante, ~ia lingue susceperunt Osb. Bawdsey clxvii; quidam miserabilis Hybernicus genere ‥ pedis utriusque privatus ~io Ailr. Ed. Conf. 754B.  c caecos illuminavit, claudis ~ium ambulandi prebuit, surdis auditum reddidit Lantfr. Swith. 4; si quis in genitalibus plagietur, ut procreandi perdat ~ium, lxxx sol’ multa judicetur (Leg. Hen. 93. 24) GAS 610.  d sacratum corpus ‥ in sindone, quam ‥ Ecgberht anachorita in hoc ~ium mittebat, revolvit Felix Guthl. 51 p. 162.  e angelus nomen ~iis est, non nature J. Sal. Met. 894C; aliud itaque ex ~io, aliud ex natura; licet nature jus ex ~io debeatur ‥ parricidii siquidem species est impugnare jura nature Ib. Pol. 389D. 5 trade, craft, profession, business; b (collect., w. ref. to body of professionals or sim.). domuncula ubi opes venduntur vel ubi ~ia aguntur in foro Osb. Glouc. Deriv. 391; 1175 nullus faciat ~ium eorum in villa de Oxonia nisi sit de gilda illa (Oxford) BBC 208; singulorum ~iorum exercitores, singularum rerum venditores W. Fitzst. Thom. prol. 10; 1231 nullus infra wapentachium Salfordie, ut sutor, peliparius, fullo, vel aliquis talis, exerceat ~ium suum nisi sit in burgo, salvis libertatibus baronum Ch. Chester 435 p. 435; singuli de quolibet ~io per se fecerunt nova statuta et provisiones Leg. Ant. Lond. 56; a1295 quod nullus carnifex donec voluerit ~ium exercere emat lanam aut coria (Stat. Gild. Berw.) Gild Merch. I 234; 1321 nullus faciat eorum [sc. cordewanariorum] ~ium ‥ nisi sit de gilda MunAcOx 786.  b 1299 communitas gilde telariorum Londoniarum elegit ballivos de ~io suo MGL II 126. 6 position of trust, power, or authority, post, office (ex ~io) by virtue of office: a (royal); b (in royal household, Exchequer, or sim.); c (bibl. or eccl. & mon.); d (acad.). e (leg.; ex ~io mero) by virtue of the office alone, as dist. from ex ~io promoto or mixto, by virtue of both the office and one’s appointment to it. a multiplex apparatus et pompa regalis ~ii Bede Retract. 1030; s1324 rex ‥ fecit inquiri contra Adam episcopum de Herefordia ex ~io, per legales viros de comitatu Herefordie Ad. Mur. Chr. 42.  b cujus pater in palatio magistri militum ~io fungens Aldh. VirgP 47 p. 301; quidam ex ~io, quidam ex sola jussione principis resident. ex ~io principaliter residet, immo et presidet, primus in regno, capitalis sc. justitia Dial. Scac. I 4B; 1324 petendo se admitti ad ~ium illud [sc. constabularii Anglie] faciendum MGL II 458; 1335 sciatis quod commisimus ‥ Johanni de Strivelyn ~ium vicecomitatus de Edeneburgh RScot 382b; quod ad ~ia tam justicie Parliamenti quam eciam ballivatus, senescallias, preposituras, et alia spectancia ad gubernacionem dominii ‥ persone habiles, utiles, et ydonee ‥ deputari deberent Ps.-Elmh. Hen. V 91 p. 257.  c episcopatus ~ium vel presbyterii terreno pretio ‥ mercari Gildas EB 67; episcopus ‥ adjurare coepit illum, ut sacerdotale ~ium per eum susciperet Felix Guthl. 47 p. 144; 716 narravit ‥ venisse cujusdam hominis animam, qui in abbatis ~io defunctus est Bonif. Ep. 10 p. 12; qui de communi fidelium numero ad sacrosancti altaris promoventur ~ium Bede Retract. 1012; Uynfrid ‥ diaconatus ~io sub eo [antistite] ‥ fungebatur Id. HE IV 3 p. 212; Guidoneum ‥ ab ~io decanatus ‥ suspendit Diceto YH 396; a1197 predictus R. Clericus non ~io ita vocatus sed cognomine Ch. Westm. 406.  d 1322 per cancellarium vel suum commissarium procedentem ex ~io StatOx 125; c1340 quorum ‥ punicio ‥ ad ‥ cancellarium nostrum pertinet ex ~io FormOx 131; a1350 si quis ‥ magistrorum regencium ‥ constitutionum transgressor inveniatur, ab ~io legendi suspendatur per triduum ad minus StatOx 81.  e Rec. Gild Camb. 74, etc. (v. 1 merus 3c). 7 department of household, office: a (royal or sim., also Scot.); b (eccl. & mon.); c (acad.). a clericum eorundem ~iorum, qui de expensis diete ‥ respondebit Fleta 78; 1330 pro duabus petris cere emptis ‥ pro ~io sigilli ExchScot 288; 1334 pro garcionibus offic‘domini regis morant’apud Pytyngton Ac. Durh. 524; 1421 ex concessione quondam domini Roberti ducis Albanie, gubernatoris regni, ut patet per cartam suam sub sigillo ~ii sui ExchScot 340; 1431 racione officii secondarii in ~io privati sigilli ActPC IV 82; 1437 ordino et constituo dominum Willelmum Breuster clericum ~iorum domini nostri regis canonicum et confratrem meum in ecclesia Lincolniensi ‥ executores Reg. Cant. II 556.  b c1220 abbas cum plenario ministrorum ~io ‥ ad altare accedat (Miss. de Lesnes f. 60) HBS XCV 48; 1295 in negocio presentacionis facte ‥ de domino Thoma ad ecclesiam de S ‥ moto ex ~io nostro ad promocionem dicti Thome contra magistrum R. Reg. Cant. I 21; 1335 in stipendio ix hominum de ~io xviij s. Comp. Swith. 238; 1506 pro factura novi armarioli pro evidenciis ~ii conservandis Ac. Durh. 159.  c 1337 cum sigillo ~ii cancellarie StatOx 142. 8 place in which work is done or department is housed, workroom, office, or sim.; b building, edifice. quem cum summo honore recipiens, ei in capella quadam commodum ~ium procurabat ut ex remotione exercitus non haberet tumultum J. Sal. Anselm 1027C; quod in omnibus ~iis secure fiant firmature Fleta 159; 1322 quando mundat ~ium suum (v. custos 8c); 1324 utensilium super quod operatur ‥ remaneat in ~io versus ballivos (Ch.) MGL II 417; 1343 subscripta bona remanent in ~io camerarii Ac. Durh. 171; 1361 quod ‥ delataverit quoddam capionum ‥ dum stetit in ~io domini CourtR Carshalton 16; 1361 (1606) omnes seruras in ~iis obedienciariorum fregerunt’ (Chr. Abingd.) EHR XXVI 733; 1409 in stipendio j coopertoris ‥ cooperientis ‥ murum ‥ ac cameram juxta coquinam ac reparantis ‥ alios defectus in dicto ~io Comp. Swith. 212.  b basilicae oratorii Dei olim ‥ fundatae ‥ ~ia semiruta lapidea eminebant Eddi 16. 9 one who holds office or discharges duties, an official, officer: a (judicial); b (in the nether world). a 1443 te Luciam Colbrand de et super perturbacione pacis multiplici ‥ coram ~io judicialiter et alias legitime convictam, decernimus te super premissis banniandam MunAcOx 534.  b dixit infernus ad sua impia ~ia [v. l. officina]: ‘laudite portas’ Eul. Hist. I 121. 10 (in title of book). de divinis ~iis liber Alcuin Suppos. 1173 tit.; in libro ~iorum Gl. Leid. 26 tit; teste Tullio in libro de ~iis Andr. S. Vict. Sal. 11; camma ‥ i. lectus tornatilis secundum Ambrosium de ~iis Osb. Glouc. Deriv. 135; sicut Cicero in libro de ~iis J. Sal. Met. 857C; summa magistri Johannis Beleth de ecclesiasticis ~iis Beleth RDO tit..

offĭcĭum, (6) ĭī, n. (opificium), ¶ 1 service, fonction, devoirs dʼune fonction [au titre officiel ou privé] : toti officio maritimo præpositus Cæs. C. 3, 5, 4, mis à la tête de tout le service maritime, ayant sur mer le commandement suprême ; confecto legationis officio Cæs. C. 3, 103, 4, sʼétant acquitté des devoirs que comportait la fonction dʼambassadeur ; privati officii mandata habere ab aliquo ad aliquem Cæs. C. 1, 8, 2, tenir de qqn une mission privée pour qqn : consulum, senatus, imperatoris officium Cic. Att. 16, 14, 3, la fonction des consuls, du sénat, du général en chef ; scribæ Nep. Eum. 1, 5, les fonctions de secrétaire ; cotidianum itineris officium Cæs. C. 1, 80, 4, le service de marche journalier || primum oratoris officium est dicere ad persuadendum Cic. de Or. 1, 138, le premier devoir de lʼorateur est de parler pour persuader ; tria oratoris officia Cic. Br. 197, les trois offices (devoirs) de lʼorateur || [ép. impér.] charge, magistrature [comme munus, honor, magistratus ] Suet. Aug. 37 ; Tib. 42 ; etc. ¶ 2 serviabilité, obligeance, civilité, politesse : vi atque imperio adductus, non officio ac voluntate Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 153, déterminé par la violence et par un pouvoir souverain, mais non par le désir dʼêtre aimable et par le bon vouloir, cf. Cic. Fam. 13, 21, 2 || [dʼoù] officia, bons offices, marques dʼobligeance, services rendus : Cic. Br. 1 ; Mur. 7 ; Sulla 26 ; Phil. 13, 7 ; Fam. 2, 6, 1 ; 13, 45 ; 16, 4, 3, etc. ; in aliquem magna officia conferre Cic. Fam. 13, 21, 2, donner à qqn de grandes marques de prévenance || [en part.] a) bons offices, devoirs de lʼamitié : veteri nostræ necessitudini jamdiu debitum... officium reddidi Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 1, je me suis acquitté de ma dette de bons offices à lʼégard de notre ancienne liaison ; vereor ne desideres officium meum Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 1, jʼai peur que tu ne croies que je manque à tous mes devoirs, cf. Cic. Fam. 2, 1, 1, etc. ; b) devoirs rendus, acte de présence dans une circonstance déterminée [mariage, funérailles, testament, etc.] : officio togæ virilis interfui Plin. Min. Ep. 1, 9, 2, jʼai assisté à la cérémonie dʼune prise de toge virile (jʼai rendu mes devoirs dans une prise de toge virile), cf. Suet. Aug. 27 ; Nero 28, etc. ; suprema officia Tac. Ann. 5, 2, les derniers devoirs ¶ 3 devoir, obligation morale : Cic. Off. 1, 4, etc. || [défin. stoïcienne] v. Cic. Fin. 3, 20 ; 22, etc. || suum officium facere Ter. Ad. 69, faire son devoir ; in officio esse Cic. Fam. 14, 1, 5 ; officio fungi Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 3, accomplir son devoir ; omnia officia persequi Cic. Tusc. 2, 55, accomplir scrupuleusement tous les devoirs ; illud est in officio, ut... tribuamus Cic. Off. 1, 47, cʼest un devoir pour nous dʼaccorder ; cumulata erant officia vitæ Cic. Tusc. 1, 109, il avait été satisfait amplement aux devoirs (aux obligations) de la vie || [en part.] : a) officia, les devoirs particuliers, communs [en oppos. avec le devoir en soi, le bien en soi] : hunc locum philosophi solent in officiis tractare Cic. Or. 72, cette question, les philosophes la traitent dʼordinaire à propos de la morale pratique ; b) sentiment du devoir : Cic. Tusc. 4, 61 ; Fam. 10, 1, 4 ; Verr. 2, 1, 137 ; Clu. 107 ; Nep. Att. 4, 2 ; Cæs. G. 1, 40, 14 ; c) fidélité au devoir, obéissance : in officio esse, manere ; aliquem in officio tenere, rester dans le devoir, maintenir qqn dans le devoir : Nep. Eum. 6, 4 ; Cæs. G. 5, 4, 2 ; ad officium redire Nep. Milt. 7, 1, rentrer dans le devoir.

officium , ii. n.
本分。責任。情分。禮。恩。官。行淫。— tuum est 托汝分内。— liberi hominis 自主人事。Fungi supremo in eum officio 與其出殯。Summo officio praeditus 盡分之人。Singulari officio vir in rem publicam 于國家有出等功之人。Exprobrare officia 面斤爲忘恩。 Specie officii 裝逢迎人。Suprema officia 出殯。Officium defunctorum 爲亡人之經。

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officium ī, n

• for opificium, opus+2 FAC-, a service, kindness, favor, courtesy: pro recentibus Gallici belli officiis, help given in, Cs.: summo officio praeditus homo, exceedingly obliging: officio te certasse priorem, V.: Officiis dilecta suis, loved for her kindly services, O.—A ceremonial observance, ceremony, attendance: officium cras mihi peragendum, a ceremonial visit, Iu.: tempus per officiorum ambitum transigunt, Ta.—An obligatory service, obligation, duty, function, part, office: patris, T.: functus officio, L.: in deos hominesque fungi officiis, L.: a pueris nullo officio adsuefacti, Cs.: vita cum officio coniuncta: amicitiae: satisfacere officio, perform: officium suum deserere, neglect: de officio decedis: in officio manere, Cs.: offici neglegentior.—An official duty, service, employment, business, work: officia inter se partiuntur, Cs.: maritimum, naval service, Cs.: fama aucti officii, i. e. of extending his authority, Ta.—A sense of duty, dutifulness, conscience: quicquidin eum iudici officique contuleris: utrum apud eos officium valeret, Cs.