cadus

cădus, i (gen. plur. cadūm, v. II. infra), m., = κάδος [Slav. kad, kadĭ; Serv. kada; Magyar, kád; Rouman. Kadŭ].

• I Lit., a large vessel for containing liquids, esp. wine; a bottle, jar, jug; mostly of earthen-ware, but sometimes of stone, Plin. 36, 22, 43, § 158; or even of metal, Verg. A. 6, 228.
• • A A wine-jar, wine-flask: cadi = vasa, quibus vina conduntur, Non. p. 544, 11: cadus erat vini: inde implevi hirneam, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 273 (425); so id. As. 3, 3, 34 (624); id. Aul. 3, 6, 35 (571); id. Mil. 3, 2, 36 (848); 3, 2, 37 (849); id. Poen. 1, 2, 47 (256); id. Stich. 3, 1, 24 (425): cadum capite sistere, to upset, id. Mil. 3, 2, 36 (848): vertere, id. Stich. 5, 4, 39 (721); 5, 4, 1 (683): vina bonus quae deinde cadis onerarat Acestes, Verg. A. 1, 195: fragiles, Ov. M. 12, 243.—Hence poet., wine: Chius, Tib. 2, 1, 28; Hor. C. 3, 19, 5: nec Parce cadis tibi destinatis, id. ib. 2, 7, 20; 3, 14, 18.—
  • B For other uses: for containing honey, Mart. 1, 56, 10; oil, id. 1, 44, 8; hence, olearii, oil-jars, Plin. 18, 30, 73, § 307; for fruits, id. ib.; figs, id. 15, 19, 21, § 82; aloes, id. 27, 4, 5, § 14; cf. id. 16, 8, 13, § 34.—As a money-pot, Mart. 6, 27, 6; also = urna, a funeral urn: aënus, Verg. A. 6, 228 Heyne.—
• II Transf., a measure for liquids (in this sense, gen. plur. cadum, Lucil. and Varr. ap. Non. p. 544, 13 and 16; Plin. 14, 14, 17, § 96); syn. with amphora Attica (usu. = 1 1/2 amphorae, or 3 urnae, or 4 1/2 modii, or 12 congii, or 72 sextarii), Rhemn. Fann. Ponder. 84; Plin. 14, 15, 17, § 96 sq.; Isid. Orig. 16, 26, 13.

cadus, ī, m. (κάδος), I) ein größeres irdenes Gefäß von kegelförmiger Gestalt, dessen Bauch nach unten zu enger oder (zum Eingraben in die Erde) spitz zulief und nach oben durch einen schmalen Hals mit der etwas breitern Öffnung in Verbindung stand, der Krug, zum Aufbewahren a) des Weins, der Weinkrug, Plaut., Verg. Hor. u. Ov.: dah. meton. (poet.) = Wein, Tibull. u. Hor. – b) anderer Dinge, wie: des Öls (dah. olearii cadi), der Hülsenfrüchte, der Feigen, Plin.: des Honigs, Mart.: als Geldtopf, Mart.: u. (= urna) als Aschenkrug, Verg.: als Blumentopf, Plin.: beim Opfern, cadus ligneus, Aur. Vict. Caes. 33, 8. – II) übtr., das größte griech. Hohlmaß für Flüssigkeiten = 12 congii od. 72 sextarii (dah. bei den Römern von griech. Weinen meist cadus, von italienischen amphora, die 2/3 des cadus enthielt, s. Auct. carm. de pond. 64 u. 84), centum cadi olei, Vulg.: Genet. Plur. gew. cadûm, vini mille cadum, Lucil. fr.: decem milia cadum, Varr. fr.

1 cadus [CL < κάδος = wine-jar], ~um, ~a , cask, barrel. ~os, ambras GlC C 9; ~os Graece, Latine situla Bede Orth. 2781; 1172 pro xij ~is ferratis Pipe 145; in celario ‥ sint ~i [gl.: barils], utres, dolea Neckam Ut. 98; s1250 ferebat quelibet biga duos ~os magnos ferro ligatos ‥ thesauro refertos M. Par. Maj. V 117; lego ‥ j doleum cum uno ~o et iiij alveos FormMan 17; 1366 in empcione ij lastarum, iij ~orum et xxij barellarum allecum ExchScot 253; 1384 item unum ~um cum j pari de plates et j pari de quyssons ‥ asportata fuerunt IMisc 229/16 r. 2; 1392 pro j novo ~o pro vino imponendo et cariagio dicti ~i usque le crane Ac. H. Derby 161; 1431 pro una cauda vini Rinensis continente xxiij lagenas ExchScot 529; 1439 respondet de j ~o olei continente xxx lagenas Ac. Durh. 75; c1450 cupario pro vj circulis pro ~o perhibito DocCOx 326; ~us, barel WW; 1531 pro iiij ~is allecum sororum Househ. Bk. Durh. 35.

2 cadus v. cattus(3)

cădus, (12) ī, m. (κάδος), ¶ 1 récipient de terre dans lequel on conserve le vin [qqf. lʼhuile, le miel, etc.], jarre : Pl. Amph. 429 ; Aul. 571, etc.; Virg. En. 1, 195 ; Hor. O. 1, 35, 26, etc.; Plin. 36, 158 || vase en airain ; urne funéraire : Virg. En. 6, 228 ¶ 2 mesure [attique] pour les liquides, valant 3 urnes ou 12 congii ou 72 sextarii ; gén. pl. cadum : Varr. d. Plin. 14, 96.

cadus , i. m.
酒桶。 Cadum pro Cadorum.

Suggest a Translation
See an image

cadus ī, m

• , κάδος, a large vessel for liquids, wine-jar, jug: vina cadis onerare, V.: fragiles, O. —Wine (poet.): Chius, H., Tb.—A funeral urn: aënus, V.

CADUS

CADUS(κάδος), a large vessel usually of earthenware; indeed the Ionians used the word to denote any earthenware jar. (Clitarchus ap. Athen. 11.473 b). It was most frequently used, like the amphora, to keep wine in (Archilochus ap. Athen. 11.483 d' after it had been drawn from the dolium, and especially wine which was conveyed across the sea, such as Chian. (Hdt. 3.20; Athen. 11.473 b; Hor. Od. 3.19, 5; Verg. A. 1.195; Plin. Nat.14. § § 96, 97, vini Falerni amphoras, Chii cados distribuit, 36.59.) Other kinds of produce stored in cadi were honey (Mart. 1.55, 10), oil (id. 1.43, 9; Plin. Nat.15.33), figs (ib. 82), beans (id. 18.307), and salt fish (ib. 308), and sometimes plants were grown in them (id. 27.14, 25.160).

Its use connects it with the amphora, and in early Attic an ἀμφορεὺς was called κάδος (Pollux, 10.71; cf. Aristoph. Av. 1032, Schol.: κάδους ἀμφορικούς). It may be concluded then that it resembled the amphora in shape: its lower part, however, was ovoid, for in Aristoph. Pax 1258 (cf. Schol.) the helmets are to be turned into κάδοι by the addition of handles. Plato (Rep. 10.616 D) speaks of οἱ κάδοι οἱ εἰς ἀλλήλους ἁρμόττοντες: Pliny (Plin. Nat.27.14), of the turbines cadorum. Again κάδος is used to denote the well bucket (γαυλός, ὑπαντλεῖν) in Aristoph. Eccl. 1002; Eurip. Cycl. 33, Schol.; Hesych. and Suid. s. v. γαυλός; Athen. 3.125 a, 11.590 f: we may therefore identify its shape, when thus used, with that of the situla in the accompanying woodcut from Bottari, Scult. e Pitt. sagre di Roma, pl. xxiii. (ap. D. and S.) But this shape is obviously not adapted to its ordinary use of a vessel for storing wine, for which purpose it was closed by a lid (Archilochus, l. c.) or by cork (Plin. Nat.16.34), and must have had a narrower mouth.

Κάδος is used in Aristoph. Av. 1030, 1053, in place of the more usual καδίσκος, to denote the urn used in ballots [PSEPHUS].

The word is used (Priscian, de Pond. et Mens. 84) as an equivalent of the Attic amphora or μετρητής, a measure containing twelve χόες or about nine gallons English. From this and its various uses we may conclude that it was a vessel of large dimensions; indeed, in a comic writer (ap. Athen. 11.781 f) we read of κάδοι larger than a man. Hence it is only in passages of comic exaggeration that it is spoken of as a drinking vessel. (Id. 10.431 f; 11.472, 473, 503, b, c).

Cadi were made not only of earthenware, but also of onyx (Plin. Nat.36.59), of ophites (ib. 158), and of gold (Athen. 11.590 f).

[J.H.F]

Cadus

(κάδος). A large earthenware vessel, most frequently used, like the amphora (q. v.), for holding wine after it had been drawn from the dolium (q. v.); and especially imported wine, as the Chian (Athen. xi. 473b). Other commodities were also stored in cadi—e. g. oil, figs, beans, honey, and salt fish. Its shape resembled that of the amphora (q. v.), except that its lower end was ovoid. The word sometimes denotes a well-bucket (γαυλός). Aristophanes twice (Aves, 1030, 1053) uses the word κάδος of the voting-urn, commonly styled καδίσκος. See cista; psephus.