Logeion | infirmus

in-firmus, a, um (post-class. infir-mis, e, Amm.20, 6), adj., not strong, weak, feeble.

I Lit.: viribus infirmis, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43, § 95: valetudo, id. Brut. 48, 180: classis inops et infirma, id. Verr. 2, 5, 33, § 86: valetudo infirmissima, id. de Or. 1, 45. —Hence, infirm, indisposed, sick: sum admodum infirmus, Cic. Ac. 1, 4, 14; Plin. Ep. 7, 26: pecus, i.e. sheep, Ov. Ib. 44: lumen solis, weak, feeble, Luc. 5, 545: infirmior est panis ex polline, less nourishing, Cels. 2, 18: infirmissimus cibarius panis, id. ib.: saporis vinum, Col. 3, 7: infirmissimae arbores, Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 217: nervi, weak, id. 23, 2, 28, § 59: civitas exigua et infirma, Caes. B. G. 7, 17.—With ad: infirmi ad resistendum, Caes. B. C. 3, 9, 3: infirmior ad haec omnia, Plin. 36, 20, 37, § 145.—With adversus: fama, infirmissimum adversus viros fortes telum, Curt. 4, 14.— In neutr. pl. subst.: infirma, ōrum, the weak parts: lineae, Plin. 9, 43, 67, § 145.—
II Trop., weak in mind or character, superstitious, pusillanimous, inconstant, light-minded: tenuis atque infirmi haec animi videri, Caes. B. C. 1, 32: quippe minuti Semper et infirmi est animi voluptas ultio, Juv. 13, 190: sum paulo infirmior, Hor. S. 1, 9, 71: quorum concursu terrentur infirmiores, Caes. B. C. 1, 3, 5: homines infirmissimi, very uncertain, not to be depended on, Col. 3, 10, 6.—Of things, of no weight or consequence, weak, trivial, inconclusive: omnino ad probandum utraque res infirma et nugatoria est, Cic. Caecin. 23, 64: quod apud omnes leve et infirmum est, id. Rosc. Com. 2, 6: cautiones, id. Fam. 7, 18: infirmiore vinculo (amicitiae) contrahi, Liv. 7, 30, 2. —Hence, advv.
- A Form infirmē.
- - 1 Weakly, faintly, not strongly, not very: infirme animatus, Cic. Fam. 15, 1, 3. — Of speech, feebly, without vigor of expression: jejune et infirme, Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 21.—
  - 2 Weak-mindedly, superstitiously: tonitrua et fulgura paulo infirmius expavescebat, Suet. Aug. 9. —
- B Form infirmĭter, weakly, feebly, without energy: infirmiter invalideque dicere, Arn. 7, 250.

īnfīrmus, a, um, schwach (Ggstz. validus, valens), I) eig., physisch schwach, 1) im allg.: vires, Cic.: caput, Hor.: classis, Cic.: sapor, Colum.: arbor infirmissima, Plin.: valetudo infirmissima, Cic. – v. leb. Wesen, senex (Ggstz. praevalens iuvenis), Liv.: debilis et infirmus (Ggstz. validus), Lampr.: sexus inf. (Ggstz. validior), das schwache (weibl.) Geschlecht, Augustin.: pecus, Ov. – mit ad u. Akk., infirmi homines ad resistendum, Caes. – m. adversus u. Akk., fama, infirmissimum adversus viros fortes telum, Curt. – subst., infirma lineae, die »schwachen Teile«, Plin. 9, 145: infirmiores (Ggstz. valentiores), Varro r. r. 3, 16, 35. – 2) insbes.: a) körperl. angegriffen = abgespannt, sum admodum infirmus, Cic. Acad. 1, 14. – u. = unwohl, unpäßlich, krank (Ggstz. valens), Cels. u. Plin. ep. – b) v. Nahrungsstoffen, Compar. = weniger nahrhaft (Ggstz. firmior, valentior), Superl. = am wenigsten nahrhaft (Ggstz. valentissimus, validissimus), panis, Cels.: res, Cels. – II) übtr.: A) im allg., schwach, gewichtlos, cautiones, Cic.: senatus consultum, unwirksamer (Ggstz. validum), Tac.: nuptiae, ungültige, Ter.: res infirma ad probandum, Cic. – B) geistig u. moralisch schwach, a) geistig schwach, bald = zaghaft, animus, Caes.: animo infirmo esse, kleinmütig sein, Cic.: desiderium, Tac.: infirmiores, die Zaghaften, Furchtsamen, Caes. b. c. 1, 3, 5. – bald = schwachsinnig, von Vorurteilen abhängig, abergläubisch, sum paulo infirmior, ich bin ein minder starker Geist, Hor. sat. 1, 9, 71. – b) moralisch, ohne Festigkeit des Charakters, unzuverlässig, animus, Ter.: homines infirmissimi, Colum.

infirmus [CL] 1 not strong, weak, frail; b (~us sexus) the weak sex, the female sex; c (of bird) not fledged; d (of object) not strong, fragile. Gildas EB 73 (v. infirmitas 1); caro ~a est Pull. Sent. 936D (v. exhibitus); Map NC V 6 f. 70v (v. deitas 1a); exitat eum ad tantam abstinenciam quod ~us [ME: unstrengere] redditur ad Dei servicium AncrR 80. b [Deus] unam ‥ de ~o sexu, firmissimam sanctitate, ‥ providit ‥ que ‥ sufficiat ‥ incolas obumbrare Lucian Chester 42; ~ioris sexus Canon. G. Sempr. 39. c Adel. CA 8 (v. 3 firma); Ib. (v. firmus 1c). d anchora ‥ ~ior Bradw. CD 817E (v. fluxibilis 2a). 2 weakened by illness, sick: a (of person or part of body); b (as sb.); c (of animal, also fig.). a infans ~us et paganus commendatus presbitero, si moritur, deponatur presbiter Theod. Pen. I 14.28; hic ~us erat; non potuit venire ad placitum DB II 449; c1130 ad opus fratrum ~orum Ch. Westm. 246 rub.; Quaest. Salern. B 28 (v. dolere 1b); 1268 eques perrexit apud B. et dicebat se esse ~um SelCCoron 10; ~us, -a, -um, seke WW 709. b de cubiculo in quo ~i quiescebant Bede HE III 27 p. 193; RegulC 65 (v. 1 domus 8); Descr. Constant. 261 (v. 2 hospitalis 6a); cum ad lectum venissent ~i dixit abbati miles ‥ Mir. Montf. 95; quando ~us [ME: secmon] habet ad manum rem sibi utilem, ea bene potest uti AncrR 144; ~us fertur respondisse medico ‥ Latin Stories 123; hic ~us, a sek mane WW 709. c Anselm Misc. 296 (v. facilis 4b); 1344 (v. gummi e); 1443 de xvj s. vj d. de precio j bovis ~i Comp. Dom. Buck. 11. 3 diseased, unsound: a (of meat); b (of illness); c (as sb. n.) diseased part of body. a 1288 vendunt carnes ~as et gogges Leet Norw. 6. b 1290 pro ipso in fluxu †inferino [MS: infirmo] (v. 2 fluxus 2b). c effulsere hominum curando infirma jacentum Wulf. Brev. 298; humilitas assimulatur prudentibus harlotis manifestantibus sua ~iora [ME: gute festre] AncrR 126. 4 in bad condition, disordered. Bede Acts 962 (v. Hierusalem 2e); Alcuin Ep. 281 (v. generare 5a); Gir. TH intr. p. 7 (v. gerere 1b). 5 weak, deficient in mil. power; b (as sb. n.) unfortified place, insecure site. [gens] ut ~a esset ad retundenda hostium tela et fortis esset ad civilia bella Gildas EB 21. b exercitum per Italiam conducens, ~iora terre funditus devastans N. Dunstable Rel. f. 188. 6 ineffective, irresolute, unstable. [gens] ~a, inquam, ad exequenda pacis ‥ insignia et fortis ad scelera Gildas EB 21; ut ‥ ambo [sc. SS. Petrus et Johannes] simul ~as actiones civium excusarent Lucian Chester 50; quibus argumentis et auctoritatibus etiam adhuc posset fides in ~orum mentibus vacillare Gros. Cess. Leg. I 1. 1; ~am [ME: sec] redderet animam AncrR 59. 7 invalid, null. 1072 ~a argumenta (v. egenus e); ubicumque ‥ firmum Maro introducit augurium, sedem ei firmissimam dat ‥ scimus utique hoc ubique servare Virgilium, ut quibus rebus negatus est exitus, det etiam ~a principia Alb. Lond. DG 11. 14; ad immoderatum ejus ingressum ~a ratio suffocetur S. Langton Serm. 4. 18.

īnfirmus, (9) a, um, ¶ 1 faible [de corps], débile : Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 95 ; 5, 86 ; Br. 180 ; infirma ætas Cic. Fin. 5, 43, lʼenfance || malade : Cic. Ac. 1, 14 ; Plin. Min. Ep. 7, 26, 1 ¶ 2 [fig.] a) faible [en parl. de vin] : Col. Rust. 3, 7 ; [de pain peu nourrissant] Cels. Med. 2, 18 ; b) peu ferme, impuissant, faible : [avec ad , au regard de] Cæs. C. 3, 9, 3 ; Plin. 36, 145 ; [avec adversus ] Curt. 4, 14, 13 ; c) faible moralement, timoré : terrentur infirmiores Cæs. C. 1, 3, 5, les gens quelque peu pusillanimes sont effrayés ; infirmus animus Cæs. C. 1, 32, 9, cœur pusillanime ; d) [en parl. de choses] faible, sans poids, sans valeur, sans autorité : causa infirmissima Cic. Clu. 91, motif des plus frivoles, cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 18, 1 ; Cæc. 84 ; Com. 6.

īn-firmus, a, um

1. (a) zwak, krachteloos, onmachtig [senex; corpus; valetudo; vires; classis; ad resistendum]; (b) zacht, mild [cibus; lumen]; ➤ panis infirmior minder voedzaam;
2. (postklass.) ziek, ongesteld, afgemat;
3. (metaf.) moedeloos, schuchter, slap [animus; reus; exercitus];
4. onbetrouwbaar [fides];
5. onbeduidend, gering, waardeloos [senatūs consultum; causa].

infirmus , a, um. adj. c. s.
軟弱。病者。lnfirmae nuptiae 不穩之婚。Infirmi saporis vinum 無力之酒。

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īn-fīrmus adj.

with comp.and sup, not strong, weak, feeble, infirm: vires: corpus annis, S.: classis: oves, H.: ex gravi morbo, ill: infirmi ad resistendum, Cs.—Fig., weak, superstitious, pusillanimous, inconstant, light-minded: animus, Cs.: sum paulo infirmior, H.: quorum concursu terrentur infirmiores, Cs.—Of no weight, weak, trivial, inconclusive, invalid: nuptiae, T.: ad probandum res: cautiones: infirmiore vinculo (amicitiae) contrahi, L.: de causis condemnatus infirmissimis.

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