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ἀποκρίνω

ἀποκρίνω, ἀποκρίνομαι, ἀποκρινοῦμαι, ἀπεκρῑνάμην, ΧΧΧ, ἀποκέκριμαι, ΧΧΧ, answer

ἀποκρίνω [ῑ], fut. -κρῐνῶ,
  • set apart, prob. in Alc. Supp. 5.7, Pherecr. 23, Ael. VH 12.8; χωρὶς ἀ. Pl. Plt. 302c, al.:—Pass., to be parted or separated, ἀποκρινθέντε parted from the throng (of two πρόμαχοι), Il. 5.12 (nowhere else in Hom.); πίθηκος ᾔει θηρίων ἀποκριθείς Archil. 89.3; of the elements in cosmogony, Emp. 9.4, Anaxag. 2, Democr. 167; ἀπεκρίθη . . τοῦ βαρβάρου ἔθνεος τὸ Ἑλληνικόν Hdt. 1.60; χωρὶς θηρίων ἡ δίαιτα ἀποκέκριται Id. 2.36; ἀποκεκρίσθαι εἰς ἓν ὄνομα to be separated and brought under one name, Th. 1.3; οὐ βεβαίως ἀπεκρίθησαν, of combatants, separated without decisive result, Id. 4.72.
      • 2 Medic. in Pass., to be distinctly formed, Hp. Prog. 23; of the embryo, Arist. HA 561a17; τὰ ἐν τῷ σώματι -όμενα bodily secretions, Hp. VM 14; τὰ ἐς τὴν κοιλίην ἀ. Id. Vict. 4.89; but ἐς τοῦτο πάντα ἀπεκρίθη all illnesses determined or ended in this alone, Th. 2.49; also ᾗ τὰ περιττώματα ἀποκρίνεται are voided, Arist. PA 665b24, cf. GA 773b35.
      • 3 mark by a distinctive form, distinguish, πρύμνην Hdt. 1.194; νόσημά τι ἀποκεκριμένον specific, Pl. R. 407d, cf. Arist. Mete. 369b29.
    • II choose, ἕνα ὑμῶν ἀ. ἐξαίρετον Hdt. 6.130; ἀ. τοῦ πεζοῦ, τοῦ στρατοῦ, choose from . ., Hdt. 3.17, 25; δυοῖν ἀποκρίνας κακοῖν having set apart, i.e. decreed, one of two, S. OT 640.
      • 2 exclude, πλήθει τῶν ψήφων Pl. Lg. 946a.
    • III reject on examination, κρίνειν καὶ ἀ. ib. 751d; ἐγκρίνειν καὶ ἀ. ib. 936a; ἀ. τινὰ τῆς νίκης decide that one has lost the victory, decide it against one, Arist. Pol. 1315b18:—Med., Pl. Lg. 966d.
    • IV Med., ἀποκρίνομαι, fut. -κρῐνοῦμαι, etc.: Pl. uses pf. and plpf. Pass. in med. sense, Prt. 358a, Grg. 463c, etc., but also in pass. sense (v. infr.):—give answer to, reply to question, dub.l. in Hdt. 5.49, 8.101 (elsewh. ὑποκρ-), cf. E. Ba. 1271, IA 1354; ἀ. τινί Ar. Nu. 1245, etc.: metaph., ἀ. τοῖς πράγμασιν ὡς ἐπὶ τῶν ἐρωτημάτων Arr. Epict. 2.16.2; ἀ. πρός τινα, πρὸς τὸ ἐρωτώμενον, to a questioner or question, Th. 5.42, Pl. Prt. 338d; ἀ. εἰ . . Ar. V. 964; ἀ. ὅτι . . Th. 1.90: c. acc., ἀποκρίνεσθαι τὸ ἐρωτηθέν to answer the question, Id. 3.61, cf. Pl. Cri. 49a, Hp.Ma. 287b, Arist. Metaph. 1007a9: c. acc. cogn., ἀ. οὐδὲ γρῦ Ar. Pl. 17; οὐδὲν ξυμβατικόν Th. 8.71; ἀ. ἀπόκρισιν Pl. Lg. 658c:—Pass., τοῦτό μοι ἀποκεκρίσθω let this be my answer, Id. Tht. 187b; καλῶς ἄν σοι ἀπεκέκριτο your answer would have been sufficient, Id. Grg. 453d, cf. Men. 75c, Euthd. 299d.
      • 2 answer charges, defend oneself, Ar. Ach. 632; ὁ ἀποκρινόμενος the defendant, Antipho 6.18, cf. 2.4.3; ἀπεκρινάμην freq. in legal documents, PHib. 1.31.24 (iii B. C.), etc.
      • 3 aor. Pass. ἀπεκρίθη, = ἀπεκρίνατο, he answered, condemned by Phryn. 86, is unknown in earlier Att., exc. in Pherecr. 51, Pl. Alc. 2.149b; but occurs in Macho ap. Ath. 8.349d, UPZ 6.30 (ii B. C.), SIG 674.61 (Narthacium, ii B. C.), IG 4.679 (Hermione, ii B. C.), Plb. 4.30.7, etc.; once in J., AJ 9.3.1, twice in Luc., Sol. 5, Demon. 26; regular in LXX (but sts. ἀπεκρινάμην in solemn language, as 3 Ki. 2.1) and prevails in NT esp. in the phrase ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπεν Ev.Matt. 3.15; ἀ. λέγει Ev.Marc. 8.20, al., cf. X. An. 2.1.22 codd.: fut. ἀποκριθήσομαι in same sense, LXX Is. 14.32, al., Ev.Matt. 25.45, Hermog. Inv. 4.6.

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