respondeo
respondeo, to answer, reply, respond, make answer
I urged him to tell me who he was
he responded to love with love
- Lit., to promise a thing in return for something else; to offer or present in return. So, only in a few examples, the phrase par pari (dat.) respondere, to return like for like: par pari respondes dicto, you return tit for tat with your tongue (syn. refero), Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 41 (223); cf.: istuc serva; et verbum verbo par pari ut respondeas, Ter. Phorm. 213; and: paria paribus respondimus, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 23.— Pass.: provide, si cui quid debetur, ut sit, unde par pari respondeatur, i. e. that there be wherewithal to meet the demand, Atticus ap. Cic. Att. 16, 7, 6; cf. also under II. A. 1, the lusus verbb. with spondeo; and II. B. init.—
- II In a more general signification.
- A To answer, reply, respond (either to a question, or to any statement or remark, and either in a friendly or hostile signif.); constr. aliquid alicui, ad, adversus, contra aliquem (aliquid).
- 1 In gen.
- a Lit.: Th. Aliud te rogo. Tr. Aliud ergo nunc tibi respondeo, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 70 (1110); cf. id. Merc. 1, 2, 73 (183).—Absol.: prius respondes, quam rogo, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 119 (453): eā legatione Papirius auditā ... respondit, Liv. 9, 14, 2; 27, 40, 8; 33, 38, 7; Nep. Milt. 1, 4: ille appellatus respondit, Caes. B. G. 5, 36; 5, 41; Cic. Leg. 3, 13, 30; id. Verr. 2, 4, 62, § 138; id. Fam. 3, 6, 2; 5, 2, 8; 7, 24, 2; 9, 14, 2. — So usu. of an oral answer: tibi non rescribam, sed respondeam, Sen. Ep. 67, 2; but also of writing: epistulae, Cic. Att. 9, 9, 1 et saep.; v. infra: ab his sermo oritur, respondet Laelius, Cic. Lael. 1, 5; Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 28 (926): olli respondit rex Albaï Longaï, Enn. ap. Fortun. p. 2691 P. (Ann. v. 34 Vahl.): cui orationi Caepionis ore respondit Aelius, Cic. Brut. 46, 169: criminibus, id. Planc. 2, 4: supremae tuae paginae, id. Att. 6, 2, 1: cui opinioni, Quint. 4, 4, 1: tam aequae postulationi, id. 7, 1, 47 al.: summā constantiā ad ea, quae quaesita erant, respondebat, Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 2; cf.: arbitrabar me satis respondisse ad id quod quaesierat Laelius, id. Rep. 2, 39, 65: nec absurde adversus utrosque respondisse visus est, Liv. 35, 50; 8, 32: adversus haec imperator respondit, id. 30, 31; 33, 35 fin.— With acc. of neutr. pron.: illud respondere cogam, to make answer to that, Cic. Cael. 28, 67; cf. id. Vatin. 7, 18; 17, 41: multa contra patronos venuste testis saepe respondet, Quint. 5, 7, 31; 5, 7, 24; cf.: accipe, quid contra juvenis responderit, Hor. S. 2, 3, 233.— With object-clause: respondent, bello se et suos tutari posse, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 59 (211); id. Curc. 2, 3, 54 (333); id. Mil. 2, 2, 23 (178); id. Merc. 5, 2, 102 (943) al. —Introducing a direct answer: cum dixisset, Quid agis, Grani? respondit, Immo vero tu, Druse, quid agis! Cic. Planc. 14, 33; id. Att. 5, 21, 12; id. Inv. 1, 31, 51; id. Tusc. 5, 19, 56.— In impers. perf.: postquam mihi responsum est, abeo, etc., Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 57 (336); cf. id. Mil. 4, 2, 93 (1083): quid nunc renunciem abs te responsum? Ter. Heaut. 859: sic existimet: Responsum non dictum esse, quia laesit prior, id. Eun. 6.— In plur.: multa ejus et in senatu et in foro vel provisa prudenter vel acta constanter vel responsa acute ferebantur, Cic. Lael. 2, 6.— In the sup.: (haec) quam brevia responsu, Cic. Clu. 59 fin.— In a lusus verbb. with spondeo: Er. Sponden' tu istud? He. Spondeo. Er. At ego, tuum tibi advenisse filium, respondeo, and in return I promise you, i. e. assure you, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 119 (899); cf.: fideiussores, qui salvam rempublicam fore responderunt, etc., promised, gave assurance, Dig. 50, 1, 17 fin.—
- b Trop., to answer, respond, reply to, re-echo, resound, etc.: saxa et solitudines voci respondent, Cic. Arch. 8, 19; respondent flebile ripae, Ov. M. 11, 53; and: respondentia tympana, Stat. Ach. 2, 175: urbes coloniarum respondebunt Catilinae tumulis silvestribus, will give an answer to, i. e. will prove a match for, Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 24.—
- 2 In partic.
- a Of lawyers, priests, oracles, etc., to give an opinion, advice, decision, response: quaeris, num juris consultus (sit)? quasi quisquam sit, qui sibi hunc falsum de jure respondisse dicat, Cic. Planc. 25, 62; so, de jure, id. Brut. 30, 113; cf.: de jure consulentibus respondere, id. Mur. 4, 9; in a like signif., also simply jus, id. Leg. 1, 4, 12: facultas respondendi juris, id. ib. 2, 12, 29; id. de Or. 1, 45, 198; Plin. Ep. 6, 15, 3 al.; cf.: civica jura, Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 24; and: quae consuluntur, minimo periculo respondentur, etc., Cic. Mur. 13, 28; id. Brut. 89, 306. —Absol., Dig. 2, 14, 7; and so very freq. of the jurists in the Digests; v. responsum: pater Roscii ad haruspices retulit: qui responderunt, nihil illo puero clarius fore, Cic. Div. 1, 36, 79: cum ex prodigiis haruspices respondissent, Sall. C. 47, 2; Liv. 27, 37; 31, 5; 5, 54; Vell. 2, 24, 3: responsum est, Suet. Aug. 94, 97: deliberantibus Pythia respondit, ut moenibus ligneis se munirent, gave advice, Nep. Them. 2, 6; cf. Just. 11, 11, § 11: possumus seniores amici quiete respondere, to give advice, Tac. A. 14, 54 fin.—
- b Of the answering of a person summoned when his name is called; hence, meton., to appear: citatus neque respondit neque excusatus est, Varr. ap. Gell. 11, 1, 4; cf.: cives, qui ad nomina non respondissent, Liv. 7, 4: quia Romae non respondebant, id. 39, 18; Val. Max. 6, 3, 4; Suet. Tib. 38; id. Ner. 44; Hor. S. 1, 9, 36 (vadato, dat., i.e. ei qui eum vadatus erat; v. vador); Dig. 3, 3, 35; 41, 1, 14 et saep.—
- β Esp., to appear before a tribunal, to answer an accusation, meet a charge, etc.: perfectus in exsilium Tubulus est nec respondere ausus, Cic. Fin. 2, 16, 54: Verrem alterā actione responsurum non esse, id. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 1: nemo Epaminondam responsurum putabat, Nep. Epam. 8, 1.—
- γ Transf., in gen., to appear, be present: ipsi (sc. paeon et herous) se offerent et respondebunt non vocati, Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 191: verba (with res se ostendent), Quint. 10, 3, 9: ut ii, qui debent, non respondeant ad tempus, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 2; cf.: podagra ad tempus (with venit ad horam), Sen. Q. N. 3, 16, 1: sanguis per menstrua, Cels. 4, 4, 5.—
- B To answer to; to meet, agree, accord, or correspond with a thing; constr. usually with dat. or absol.: ut omnia omnibus paribus paria respondeant, Cic. N. D. 1, 19, 50: ut horum auctoritatibus illorum orationi, qui dissentiunt, respondere posse videamur, id. Imp. Pomp. 23, 68: ut verba verbis quasi demensa et paria respondeant, id. Or. 12, 38; and: respondent extrema primis, media utrisque, omnia omnibus, id. Fin. 5, 28, 83: (Aristoteles dicit) illam artem (sc. rhetoricam) quasi ex alterā parte respondere dialecticae, that it corresponds to, i. e. forms the counterpart of, id. Or. 32, 114: aedificare alteram porticum quae Palatio responderet, id. Har. Resp. 23, 49; cf. of a locality: contra elata mari respondet Gnosia tellus, i. e. lies opposite, Verg. A. 6, 23: Pachyni pulsata Ionio respondent saxa profundo, Sil. 14, 73: est mihi magnae curae, ut ita erudiatur (Lucullus), ut et patri et Caepioni nostro et tibi tam propinquo respondeat, Cic. Fin. 3, 2, 8: satis Graecorum gloriae responderunt, id. Tusc. 1, 2, 3: tua virtus opinioni hominum, id. Fam. 2, 5, 2; id. Lael. 16, 56: fortuna meis optatis, id. Fam. 2, 1, 2; cf.: seges votis, Verg. G. 1, 47: arma Caesaris non responsura lacertis, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 48: favor meritis, id. ib. 2, 1, 9: ne prior officio quisquam respondeat, id. S. 2, 6, 24: par fama labori, id. ib. 2, 8, 66: fructus labori, Ov. F. 4, 641: non mihi respondent veteres in carmine vires, id. H. 15, 197 al.: familiam nemo speciosiorem producet, sed hominibus non respondet, he does not pay his debts, Sen. Ep. 87, 6: amori amore respondere, i. e. to return it, repay it, Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 4; cf.: Quinti fratris liberalitati subsidiis amicorum, id. Att. 4, 3, 6: qui ex vico ortus est, eam patriam intellegitur habere, cui reipublicae vicus ille respondet, to which it belongs, Dig. 50, 1, 30.— In mal. part.: mulieribus, Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 17 (963).—With ad: respondere ad parentum speciem, resemble, Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 9: deformentur directiones, ut longitudines ad regulam et lineam, altitudines ad perpendiculum, anguli ad normam respondentes exigantur, Vitr. 7, 3; cf.: structuram ad perpendiculum respondere oportet, Plin. 36, 22, 51, § 172: quia non tota ad animum responderat (villa), Suet. Caes. 48: ad spem eventus respondit, Liv. 28, 6.—With dat.: Papirio quoque brevi ad spem eventus respondit, Liv. 9, 15.— With ex: quicquid non ex voluntate respondet, iram provocat, Sen. Ep. 47, 19: speculum quocumque obvertimus oris, Res sibi respondent simili formā atque colore, i. e. correspond, are reflected, Lucr. 4, 167.— Absol.: sidera respondent in aquā, Lucr. 4, 213: quia raro verba belle respondeant, Quint. 6, 3, 48: medicus aliquid oportet inveniat, quod non ubique fortasse, sed saepius tamen etiam respondeat, may answer, be suitable, Cels. praef.—
- C To return, make a return, yield: frumenta quando cum quarto responderint (sc. colono), have returned, yielded, Col. 3, 3, 4; cf. with abl. and dat.: humus cum est repetita cultu, magno fenore colono respondet, id. 2, 1, 3: vitis, nisi praepingui solo, non respondet, id. 3, 2, 11; cf.: metalla plenius responsura fodienti, Sen. Ep. 23, 5.
- —Hence, rēspon-sum, i, n., an answer, reply, response (equally freq. in sing. and plur.).
- 1 In gen.: suis postulatis responsa exspectare, Caes. B. C. 1, 5 fin.: haec paucis diebus ex illius ad nostra responsa responsis intellegentur, quorsum evasura sint, Cic. Att. 7, 17, 4: responsum senatūs, Liv. 7, 31: sine responso legatos dimisit, id. 9, 38: nullo ab nostris dato responso, Caes. B. G. 5, 58: responsum dedisti tantis de rebus, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 16, § 40; 2, 4, 39, § 85; so, dare responsum, Liv. 5, 32, 8; Val. Max. 9, 5, ext. 3; Curt. 3, 12, 9; Liv. 3, 50, 12: reddere alicui, Cic. Planc. 14, 34; cf.: triste redditum, Liv. 9, 16: ferre (ab aliquo), to receive, Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 19; Caes. B. G. 6, 4 fin.: referre (ab aliquo), to deliver, Cic. Att. 7, 17, 2; Hirt. B. G. 8, 23; Liv. 37, 6: elicere, Quint. 5, 7, 20: petere, Hor. C. S. 55: responsum accipere, Liv. 5, 36, 4; Just. 12, 2, 8: responsum non fuit in eis, Vulg. Jer. 5, 13.—
- 2 In partic. (acc. to II. A. 2.), an answer, reply of a lawyer, priest, oracle, etc.; an opinion, response, oracle: cum responsumque ab eo (Crasso) verum magis, quam ad suam rem accommodatum abstulisset, etc., Cic. de Or. 1, 56, 239: res judicatae, decreta, responsa, id. ib. 2, 27, 116; id. Mur. 13, 29.— The responsa prudentium, or authoritative opinions of leading lawyers, were an important source of the Roman law, Just. Inst. 1, 2, 8 Sandars ad loc.: haruspicum responsa, Cic. Cat. 3, 4, 9; cf. Quint. 5, 10, 30; Ov. M. 3, 340; 527: legatus a Delphis Romam rediit, responsumque ex scripto recitavit, Liv. 23, 11; cf. id. 1, 56; Quint. 3, 7, 11; 5, 7, 35; Tac. H. 1, 10; 4, 65 al.; Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 65 (479); Ter. And. 698; Verg. A. 7, 86 et saep.— In eccl. Lat.: responsum Dei, ab angelo, etc., Vulg. Mich. 3, 7; id. Luc. 2, 26; id. Act. 10, 22.
I garantir en revanche, assurer de son côté : Pl. Capt. 899.
II répondre, ¶ 1 faire une réponse [oralt ou par écrit] alicui, à qqn, alicui rei, à qqch. : Cic. Mur. 3 ; Br. 208 ; Planc. 4 ; Br. 169 ; Fam. 3, 8, 1 ; Cæs. G. 1, 14, 1 ; C. 3, 17, 1 ; [ad rem, à qqch.] Cic. Phil. 1, 2 ; Rep. 2, 65 ; Cæs. G. 1, 36, 1 ; 2, 32, 1 ; [adversus aliquem, adversus aliquid ] Liv. 35, 50, 1 ; 30, 31, etc. || [avec pron. n. ] illud respondere cogam, cur... Cic. Cæl. 67, je te forcerai à répondre à cette question, pourquoi..., cf. Vat. 18 ; 41 || [av. prop. inf.] répondre que : Pl. Amph. 214 ; Merc. 943 ; Cic. Lig. 23 ; Sall. J. 11, 6 ; [avec idée dʼordre ; ut subj.] Nep. Them. 2, 6 || [suivi du style direct] Cic. Planc. 33 ; Att. 5, 21, 12 ; Inv. 1, 51 ; Tusc. 5, 56 ; Div. 2, 71 || [supin] : quam brevia responsu ! Cic. Clu. 164, imputations combien courtes du point de vue de la réponse, combien faciles à réfuter ¶ 2 [droit] : jus respondere Cic. de Or. 1, 198, donner des consultations de droit, cf. Cic. Leg. 1, 12 ; Plin. Min. Ep. 6, 15, 3 ; Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 24 ; quæ consuluntur, minimo periculo respondentur Cic. Mur. 28, aux consultations on répond avec bien peu de risque || [abst ] : de jure alicui Cic. de Or. 2, 142, donner à qqn des consultations de droit, cf. Cic. Br. 113 ; Planc. 62 ¶ 3 réponse dʼun oracle : Cic. Div. 1, 79 ; Sall. C. 47, 2 ¶ 4 répondre à un appel : Varr. d. Gell. 11, 1, 4 ; Liv. 7, 4 ; 39, 18 || répondre à une citation en justice : Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 1 ; Fin. 2, 54 ; Nep. Epam. 8, 1 || [métaph.] Cic. de Or. 3, 191 ; Att. 16, 2, 2 ¶ 5 répondre à, être digne de, égal à, à la hauteur de : honoribus majorum Cic. Br. 117, sʼélever aussi haut que ses ancêtres dans les magistratures, cf. Cic. Fin. 3, 8 ; Tusc. 1, 3 ; Læl. 56 ; Fam. 2, 5, 2 ; 15, 21, 4 || cadrer avec, être proportionné à, faire le pendant à : Cic. Nat. 1, 50 ; Or. 38 ; 114 ; Fin. 5, 83 || [avec ad ] Varro R. 2, 5, 9 ; Plin. 36, 172 ; Liv. 28, 6, 8 ¶ 6 [en parl. dʼobjets reflétés] se refléter : in aqua Lucr. 4, 213, dans lʼeau, cf. Lucr. 4, 177 ¶ 7 répondre [au cultivateur en parl. de champs, etc.], produire : Col. Rust. 2, 1, 3 ; 3, 2, 11 ; 3, 3, 4 ; Sen. Ep. 23, 5.
- 1. als tegenprestatie leveren, beloven, verzekeren, toezeggen [par pari];
- 2. (a) (m. acc.; de; aci.; afh. vr.) antwoorden, beantwoorden [multa; consuli nullum verbum; de bello gerendo]; pass.: respondetur alci iem. krijgt antwoord; (b) (m. dat.; ad alleen m. gesubstantiveerde neutrumvormen; zelden adversus) antwoorden op, beantwoorden [litteris alcis; ad haec; ad interrogata; alci ad rogatum; patri ad omnia vader op alles; adversus haec in hanc sententiam]; ➤ saxa voci respondent geven een echo; (c) (m. ut) in reactie het verzoek doen; (d) (m. dat.) zich verantwoorden voor, zich verdedigen tegen [criminibus];
- 3. (v. orakels en rechters) antwoord geven, raad geven, adviseren [ius of de iure juridische adviezen geven]; ➤ ad ius respondendum om recht te spreken; Pythia respondit ut moenibus ligneis se munirent (Nep.);
- 4. (bij het roepen v.d. naam) zich melden, verschijnen, ihb. voor de rechtbank [ad nomina als soldaat]; ➤ Verres non responsurus; nec ~ ausus;
- 5. (metaf.) overeenkomen met, gelijk zijn aan (m. dat.; zelden ad); ➤ fructus non respondet labori; eventus ad spem respondit; verba verbis respondeant; tua virtus opinioni hominum respondet (Cic.);
- 6. zich kunnen meten, opgewassen zijn, het evenwicht houden (met, tegen: dat.) [orationi illorum]; ➤ urbes tumulis respondebunt; arma lacertis Caesaris non responsura (Hor.);
- 7. (Verg.) (v. plaats) tegenoverliggen; ➤ contra respondet tellus;
- 8. vergelden, beantwoorden (m. dat.) [amori amore; liberalitati];
- 9. betalen [ad tempus];
- 10. (Mel.) openbaren, voorspellen.
答應。效。還錢。賠。照應。相稱。— criminibus (dat.) 脫諸罪。— maledictis 以詈還詈。— ad tempus 至期卽還。— majorum nobilitati 行爲對先人之尊貴。— palatio 在殿對面。— de jure 作訟師。— ad nomen 赴案。赴隊伍。Amori tuo respondeo 吾照應汝之愛。Si medicina non responderit 倘藥不效。Virtus tua respondet judicio meo 汝德正對吾所估。
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- to answer, reply, respond, make answer: in respondendo exposuit, etc.: non inhumaniter: ille appellatus respondit, Cs.: par pari ut respondeas, give tit for tat, T.: paria paribus: antiquissimae cuique (epistulae) primum respondebo: ad ea, quae quaesita erant: adversus utrosque, L.: quin respondes, vetuerimne te, etc., L.: mihi quis esset: cum dixisset, Quid agis, Grani? respondit, Immo vero, etc.: tibi pauca: Accipe, quid contra iuvenis responderit, H.: Quid nunc renunciem abs te responsum?T.: (haec) quam brevia responsu.—To give an opinion, give advice, decide, answer: falsum de iure: te ad ius respondendum dare: civica iura, H.: quae consuluntur, minimo periculo respondentur, etc.: cum ex prodigiis haruspices respondissent, S.: deliberantibus Pythia respondit, ut moenibus ligneis se munirent, advised, N.—To answer to one's name, answer, attend, appear: ad nomina, L.: vadato, H.: Verrem alterā actione responsurum non esse: nemo Epaminondam reresponsurum putabat, N.: ad tempus.—Fig., to answer, reply, re-echo, resound: saxa voci respondent: respondent flebile ripae, O.—To answer, be equal to, be a match for, suffice to meet: urbes coloniarum respondebunt Catilinae tumulis silvestribus.—To answer, correspond, accord, agree: ut omnia omnibus paribus paria respondeant: respondent extrema primis: illam artem (sc. rhetoricam) quasi ex alterā parte respondere dialecticae, i. e. is the counterpart of: Contra elata mari respondet Gnosia tellus, i. e. lies opposite, V.: ita erudiri, ut patri respondeat, resemble: ut nostra in amicos benevolentia illorum erga vos benevolentiae respondeat: seges votis, V.: arma Caesaris non responsura lacertis, H.: officio, to suffice for, H.: Non mihi respondent veteres in carmina vires, O.: amori amore respondere, i. e. return: provide, ut sit, unde par pari respondeatur, i. e. that there be enough to meet the demand: ad spem eventus respondit, L.
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…contra illam naufragorum eiectam ac debilitatam manum florem totius Italiae ac robur educite. iam vero urbes coloniarum ac municipiorum respondebunt Catilinae tumulis silvestribus. neque ego ceteras copias, ornamenta, praesidia vestra cum illius latronis inopia atque egestate conferre…
Cicero, in Catilinam
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…facerent sed tristes capite demisso terram intueri. Eius rei quae causa esset miratus ex ipsis quaesiit. Nihil Sequani respondere, sed in eadem tristitia taciti permanere. Cum ab his saepius quaereret neque ullam omnino vocem exprimere posset ,…
Julius Caesar, Gallic War
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…eadem tristitia taciti permanere. Cum ab his saepius quaereret neque ullam omnino vocem exprimere posset, idem Diviciacus Haeduus respondit hoc esse miseriorem et graviorem fortunam Sequanorum quam reliquorum, quod soli ne in occulto quidem queri neque auxilium implorare…
Julius Caesar, Gallic War
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…publicae facere posset, Haeduos ceterosque amicos populi Romani defenderet, se Haeduorum iniurias non neglecturum. Ad haec Ariovistus respondit ius esse belli ut qui vicissent iis quos vicissent quem ad modum vellent imperarent. Item populum Romanum victis non…
Julius Caesar, Gallic War
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…temperaturos ab iniuria et maleficio existimabat. Tamen, ut spatium intercedere posset dum milites quos imperaverat convenirent, legatis respondit diem se ad deliberandum sumpturum si quid vellent, ad Id. ; April. reverterentur. Interea ea legione…
Julius Caesar, Gallic War
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…quas ipsis sociisque eorum intulerint, item si Allobrogibus satis faciunt, sese cum iis pacem esse facturum. Divico respondit ita Helvetios a maioribus suis institutos esse uti obsides accipere, non dare, consuerint ; eius rem populum Romanum…
Julius Caesar, Gallic War
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…non existimas invidiae incendio conflagraturum his ego sanctissimis rei publicae vocibus et eorum hominum qui hoc idem sentiunt mentibus pauca respondebo. ego, si hoc optimum factu iudicarem, patres conscripti, Catilinam morte multari, unius usuram horae gladiatori…
Cicero, in Catilinam
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…is locus ubi constitissent ex calamitate populi Romani et internecione exercitus nomen caperet aut memoriam proderet. His Caesar ita respondit eo sibi minus dubitationis dari, quod eas res quas legati Helvetii commemorassent memoria teneret, atque eo gravius ferre…
Julius Caesar, Gallic War
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…medium utrisque conloquio deligeret velle sese de re publica et summis utriusque rebus cum eo agere. Ei legationi Ariovistus respondit si quid ipsi a Caesare opus esset, sese ad eum venturum fuisse ; si quid ille se velit ,…
Julius Caesar, Gallic War
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…quamvis fortunam a populo Romano pati quam ab his per cruciatum interfici inter quos dominari consuessent. Ad haec Caesar respondit se magis consuetudine sua quam merito eorum civitatem conservaturum, si prius quam murum aries attigisset se dedidissent ; sed…
Julius Caesar, Gallic War