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τομή

τομή, stump, section

τομ-ή, ἡ, (τέμνω)
  • end left after cutting, stump of a tree, ἐπεὶ δὴ πρῶτα τομὴν ἐν ὄρεσσι λέλοιπεν [τὸ σκῆπτρον] Il. 1.235; ῥιζῶν τομαί the ends of the roots (left by cutting away the tree), S. Fr. 534.5 (anap.); ὀπὸν . . στάζοντα τομῆς ib. 2; δοκοῦ τ. end of a beam, Th. 2.76; ἡ τοῦ καλάμου τ. Thphr. HP 4.11.7, cf. Theoc. 10.46; λίθοι ἐν τομῇ ἐγγώνιοι stones cut square, Th. 1.93 (sed leg. ἐντομῇ) ; σκέψαι τομῇ προσθεῖσα βόστρυχον having fitted the lock to the place from which it was cut, A. Ch. 229 (σκέψαιτο μὴ cod. M, distinxit Turnebus); πρὸς τὴν τ. μεταστρέφειν to the cut, Pl. Smp. 190e, cf. Arist. HA 532a4.
        • b Ταύροιο τ. prob. = προτομή I, Arat. 322.
      • 2 Math., section, as a circle is the section of a sphere, a conic section of the cone, Arist. Mete. 375b32, Pr. 912a13, cf. App.Anth. 4.74 (Synesius); with or without κοινή, the line in which two planes cut each other, Arist. Metaph. 1060b14, Euc. 11.16, Archim. Con.Sph. 11, al., Apollon.Perg. Con. 1.4, etc.; point of intersection of two lines, Archim. Spir. 20, al., Ptol. Alm. 3.3, etc.: abstract use, περὶ διωρισμένης τ. On determinate section, name of lost treatise of Apollon.Perg.; τὰ περὶ τὴν τ. the theorems about the section (sc. in extreme and mean ratio), Procl. in Euc. p.67 F.:—in conic sections, τομαὶ ἀντικείμεναι opposite sections, i.e. branches of hyperbola, Apollon.Perg. Con. 2.15; συζυγεῖς τ. conjugate sections of hyperbolas, ib. 17.
      • 3 incision or insection between parts of an insectʼs body (whence their name of ἔντομα), Arist. PA 682b25.
      • 4 ἡ εἰς ἄπειρον τ. infinite divisibility, Epicur. Ep. 1 p.16 U.
    • II cutting, cleaving, ἐν τομᾷ σιδάρου by stroke of iron, S. Tr. 887 (lyr.); πελέκεως τ. E. El. 160 (lyr.); φασγάνου τομαί Id. Or. 1101; cutting off or down, ξύλου S. Tr. 700; vine-cutting, PCair.Zen. 736.29 (iii B.C.); cutting up, εἰς τ. καὶ προσαγωγὴν χάλικος PPetr. 3 p.290 (iii B.C.); hewing, λίθων IG 1(2).336.7, 11, SIG 244 ii 58 (Delph., iv B.C.), IG 42(1).106i19, al. (Epid., iv B.C.).
      • 2 use of the knife in surgery, Hp. VC 13; ἢ καύσει ἢ τομῇ χρησάμενος Pl. R. 406d; οὔτε τ. οὔτε καῦσις Hp. Art. 62; σιδήρου τ. Sor. 1.80: pl., Pi. P. 3.53, E. Fr. 403.6; τὰς θεραπείας . . διὰ καύσεών τε καὶ τομῶν Pl. Prt. 354a, cf. Ti. 65b.
      • 3 castration, Luc. Philops. 2.
      • 4 τ. φαρμάκων shredding of drugs, Conon 23.2.
      • 5 pruning, ἀμπέλων Thphr. CP 3.14.2, Paus. 2.38.3.
      • 6 σκυτῶν τ. cutting or shaping of leather, Pl. Chrm. 173d.
      • 7 αἱ τ. τῆς γῆς, i.e. canals, Lib. Or. 18.232.
    • III severance, separation, τ. καὶ διάκρισις Pl. Ti. 61d, cf. 80e; of number, division, Id. Lg. 738a; τομὴν ἔχειν ἔν τινι to admit a distinction in . ., ib. 944b; χρονικαὶ τ. distinctions of tenses, A.D. Synt. 10.18; process of division (sc. μεγέθους), Nicom. Ar. 1.2.
      • 2 logical division, Pl. Plt. 261a, Arist. APo. 95b30, Metaph. 1038a28, Gal. 10.899.
      • 3 metaph., conciseness or precision in expression, Eun. VS p.461 B.
      • 4 τ. πράγματος, = decisio, Gloss.
    • IV a cut, wound, Arist. HA 632a18, Aen.Tact. 11.14: metaph., wound, πόλις δεδεγμένη τ. Plu. Cor. 16, cf. Per. 11.
      • 2 caesura in verse, Aristid.Quint. 1.24; more generally, break between successive words, Hermog. Id. 2.10, Heph. 15.2, al., Eust. 740.1.
    • V edge, cutting power, σιδήρου Arr. Tact. 12.2.

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